Restoring motor control and sensory feedback in people with upper extremity amputations using arrays of 96 microelectrodes implanted in the median and ulnar nerves
Restoring motor control and sensory feedback in people with upper extremity amputations using arrays of 96 microelectrodes implanted in the median and ulnar nerves
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DOI：
10.1088/1741-2560/13/3/036001
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Greger, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, T. S.;Wark, H. A. C.;Greger, B.
Objective.神经假肢研究的一个重要目标是在用户和能够控制20多种不同运动的新假肢之间建立双向通信。实现这一目标的一种策略是使用神经束内微电极阵列将假肢与外周神经系统中的传出和传入纤维直接连接。这种方法将提供大量独立的神经通路，用于控制高自由度的假肢，以及唤起多个复杂的感官知觉。Approach.将犹他州倾斜电极阵列（USEA，96个记录/刺激电极）植入两名截肢者的正中神经（受试者1-M，截肢后31年）或尺神经（受试者2-U，截肢后1.5年）中30天。在受试者的幻指的预期运动过程中记录神经活动，并使用线性卡尔曼滤波器对神经数据进行解码。通过单个或多个电极提供不同幅度和频率的微电极刺激，以研究可能诱发的感觉感知的数量、大小和质量。通过测量以下参数来评估设备随时间的性能：电极阻抗、信噪比（SNR）、刺激阈值、诱发感知的数量和稳定性。主要结果。受试者能够按比例控制虚拟机器人手的各个手指，离线解码13个不同的动作（r = 0.48），在线解码两个动作。在一个USEA上的电刺激诱发了>80个感官知觉。改变刺激参数可调节刺激质量。在研究期间，器械保持神经束内植入，SNR或感知阈值无显著变化。意义这项研究表明，96个微电极的阵列可以植入人体周围神经系统长达1个月的持续时间。这样的阵列可以提供具有广泛感觉反馈的虚拟假手的直观控制。
Objective. An important goal of neuroprosthetic research is to establish bidirectional communication between the user and new prosthetic limbs that are capable of controlling >20 different movements. One strategy for achieving this goal is to interface the prosthetic limb directly with efferent and afferent fibres in the peripheral nervous system using an array of intrafascicular microelectrodes. This approach would provide access to a large number of independent neural pathways for controlling high degree-of-freedom prosthetic limbs, as well as evoking multiple-complex sensory percepts. Approach. Utah Slanted Electrode Arrays (USEAs, 96 recording/stimulating electrodes) were implanted for 30 days into the median (Subject 1-M, 31 years post-amputation) or ulnar (Subject 2-U, 1.5 years post-amputation) nerves of two amputees. Neural activity was recorded during intended movements of the subject's phantom fingers and a linear Kalman filter was used to decode the neural data. Microelectrode stimulation of varying amplitudes and frequencies was delivered via single or multiple electrodes to investigate the number, size and quality of sensory percepts that could be evoked. Device performance over time was assessed by measuring: electrode impedances, signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), stimulation thresholds, number and stability of evoked percepts. Main results. The subjects were able to proportionally, control individual fingers of a virtual robotic hand, with 13 different movements decoded offline (r = 0.48) and two movements decoded online. Electrical stimulation across one USEA evoked >80 sensory percepts. Varying the stimulation parameters modulated percept quality. Devices remained intrafascicularly implanted for the duration of the study with no significant changes in the SNRs or percept thresholds. Significance. This study demonstrated that an array of 96 microelectrodes can be implanted into the human peripheral nervous system for up to 1 month durations. Such an array could provide intuitive control of a virtual prosthetic hand with broad sensory feedback.