Daytime Ayahuasca administration modulates REM and slow-wave sleep in healthy volunteers
Daytime Ayahuasca administration modulates REM and slow-wave sleep in healthy volunteers
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-007-0963-0
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Romero, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barbanoj, Manel J.;Riba, Jordi;Romero, S.
目的Ayahuasca是一种传统的南美精神活性饮料，是巴西宗教团体的中心圣礼，在欧洲和美国有追随者。该茶含有迷幻吲哚N，N-二甲基色胺(DMT)和具有单胺氧化酶抑制特性的β-Caroline生物碱，使DMT具有口服活性。DMT与5-羟色胺能神经递质相互作用，在5-HT1A和5-HT2A/2C受体上起部分激动剂的作用。考虑到5-羟色胺在调节睡眠/觉醒周期中所起的作用，我们调查了白天摄入阿瓦斯卡对睡眠参数的影响。测量和结果22名健康男性志愿者在服用安慰剂、相当于1mgDMT kg(-1)体重的阿瓦斯卡剂量和20 mg d-苯丙胺作为阳性对照后，进行了主观睡眠质量、多导睡眠图(PSG)和频谱分析。结果表明，与d-苯丙胺相比，ayahuasca没有引起任何主观上感觉到的睡眠质量恶化或PSG测量的睡眠启动或维持中断，d-苯丙胺推迟了睡眠启动，扰乱了睡眠维持，导致了轻睡眠对深睡眠的优势，并显著损害了主观睡眠质量。PSG分析还显示，与d-苯丙胺类似，ayahuasca抑制快速眼动(REM)睡眠，无论是绝对值还是占总睡眠时间的百分比，都会缩短其持续时间，并显示其起始潜伏期有增加的趋势。频谱分析显示，d-苯丙胺和阿瓦斯卡在高频段增加功率，主要是在第二阶段。而第一个夜间周期的慢波睡眠(SWS)功率显著降低，阿瓦斯卡增强该频段的功率。结论5-羟色胺能迷幻药可导致白天给药引起PSG和睡眠功率谱的明显变化，提示这些药物与调节REM和SWS的脑回路之间存在相互作用。
Objectives Ayahuasca is a traditional South American psychoactive beverage and the central sacrament of Brazilian-based religious groups, with followers in Europe and the United States. The tea contains the psychedelic indole N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and beta-carboline alkaloids with monoamine oxidase-inhibiting properties that render DMT orally active. DMT interacts with serotonergic neurotransmission acting as a partial agonist at 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/2C receptor sites. Given the role played by serotonin in the regulation of the sleep/wake cycle, we investigated the effects of daytime ayahuasca consumption in sleep parameters.Measurements and results Subjective sleep quality, polysomnography (PSG), and spectral analysis were assessed in a group of 22 healthy male volunteers after the administration of a placebo, an ayahuasca dose equivalent to 1 mg DMT kg(-1) body weight, and 20 mg d-amphetamine, a proaminergic drug, as a positive control. Results show that ayahuasca did not induce any subjectively perceived deterioration of sleep quality or PSG-measured disruptions of sleep initiation or maintenance, in contrast with d-amphetamine, which delayed sleep initiation, disrupted sleep maintenance, induced a predominance of 'light' vs 'deep' sleep and significantly impaired subjective sleep quality. PSG analysis also showed that similarly to d-amphetamine, ayahuasca inhibits rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, decreasing its duration, both in absolute values and as a percentage of total sleep time, and shows a trend increase in its onset latency. Spectral analysis showed that d-amphetamine and ayahuasca increased power in the high frequency range, mainly during stage 2. Remarkably, whereas slow-wave sleep (SWS) power in the first night cycle, an indicator of sleep pressure, was decreased by d-amphetamine, ayahuasca enhanced power in this frequency band.Conclusions Results show that daytime serotonergic psychedelic drug administration leads to measurable changes in PSG and sleep power spectrum and suggest an interaction between these drugs and brain circuits modulating REM and SWS.