Diverse maize hybrids are structurally inefficient at resisting wind induced bending forces that cause stalk lodging
Diverse maize hybrids are structurally inefficient at resisting wind induced bending forces that cause stalk lodging
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DOI：
10.1186/s13007-020-00608-2
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发表时间：
2020-05-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Robertson, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stubbs, Christopher J.;Seegmiller, Kate;Robertson, Daniel J.
背景秸秆倒伏(在收获前折断农业植物秸秆)每年造成数百万美元的收入损失。尽管关于秸秆倒伏的文献越来越多，但以前还没有人研究过玉米秸秆的结构效率。在这项研究中，我们研究了成熟玉米秸秆的形态，以确定玉米秸秆的主要承载成分--果皮组织是否有效地组织起来，以抵御导致秸秆倒伏的风致弯曲应力。结果945个完全成熟、干燥的商品玉米茎标本(48个杂交种，2个重复，每区10个样品)进行了：(1)三点弯曲试验测定其抗弯强度；(2)果皮贯入试验测定每个节间的横截面形态。通过工程优化算法对数据进行分析，以确定试件的结构效率。结论具有较高平均弯曲强度的杂交种比较弱的杂交种更有效地分配皮肤组织。然而，即使是强大的杂交种在结构上也不是最优的。玉米秸秆的结构效率仍有很大的提高空间。结果还表明，茎在形态上是有组织的，以抵抗主要发生在耳朵上方的风荷载。结果适用于寻求降低秸秆倒伏率的选择性育种和作物管理研究。
Background Stalk lodging (breaking of agricultural plant stalks prior to harvest) results in millions of dollars in lost revenue each year. Despite a growing body of literature on the topic of stalk lodging, the structural efficiency of maize stalks has not been investigated previously. In this study, we investigate the morphology of mature maize stalks to determine if rind tissues, which are the major load bearing component of corn stalks, are efficiently organized to withstand wind induced bending stresses that cause stalk lodging. Results 945 fully mature, dried commercial hybrid maize stem specimens (48 hybrids, 2 replicates, 10 samples per plot) were subjected to: (1) three-point-bending tests to measure their bending strength and (2) rind penetration tests to measure the cross-sectional morphology at each internode. The data were analyzed through an engineering optimization algorithm to determine the structural efficiency of the specimens. Conclusions Hybrids with higher average bending strengths were found to allocate rind tissue more efficiently than weaker hybrids. However, even strong hybrids were structurally suboptimal. There remains significant room for improving the structural efficiency of maize stalks. Results also indicated that stalks are morphologically organized to resist wind loading that occurs primarily above the ear. Results are applicable to selective breeding and crop management studies seeking to reduce stalk lodging rates.