Electrical signaling in control of ocular cell behaviors.
Electrical signaling in control of ocular cell behaviors.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.preteyeres.2011.10.001
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
17.8
通讯作者：
Reid B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao M;Chalmers L;Cao L;Vieira AC;Mannis M;Reid B
角膜、晶状体和视网膜的上皮细胞含有大量的离子通道和泵。它们共同产生进出细胞以及穿过上皮细胞的极化离子流。这些自然产生的离子通量对于眼组织的水合作用和新陈代谢至关重要，特别是对于无血管的角膜和晶状体。离子的定向传输在这些组织中产生电场和电流。施加的电场影响眼细胞的迁移、分裂和增殖，这对于眼组织的稳态和愈合很重要。这些方面中任何一个方面的异常都可能是许多眼部疾病的根源，例如慢性角膜溃疡、白内障手术后后囊膜混浊以及视网膜病变。因此，电场诱导的细胞反应（这里称为电信号传导）可能是调节眼细胞行为的一种意想不到但强大的机制。内源电场和外加电场都可以用来调节眼细胞。我们的目的是简要描述角膜、晶状体和视网膜上皮细胞中自然发生的电活动的生理学，提供电场对眼细胞行为影响的实验证据，并提出可能的临床意义。
Epithelia of the cornea, lens and retina contain a vast array of ion channels and pumps. Together they produce a polarized flow of ions in and out of cells, as well as across the epithelia. These naturally occurring ion fluxes are essential to the hydration and metabolism of the ocular tissues, especially for the avascular cornea and lens. The directional transport of ions generates electric fields and currents in those tissues. Applied electric fields affect migration, division and proliferation of ocular cells which are important in homeostasis and healing of the ocular tissues. Abnormalities in any of those aspects may underlie many ocular diseases, for example chronic corneal ulcers, posterior capsule opacity after cataract surgery, and retinopathies. Electric field-inducing cellular responses, termed electrical signaling here, therefore may be an unexpected yet powerful mechanism in regulating ocular cell behavior. Both endogenous electric fields and applied electric fields could be exploited to regulate ocular cells. We aim to briefly describe the physiology of the naturally occurring electrical activities in the corneal, lens, and retinal epithelia, to provide experimental evidence of the effects of electric fields on ocular cell behaviors, and to suggest possible clinical implications.