The COVID Decade: understanding the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19
The COVID Decade: understanding the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19
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DOI：
10.5871/bac19stf/9780856726583.001
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发表时间：
2021
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英国政府科学办公室要求英国科学院就COVID-19的长期社会影响进行独立审查。该报告概述了一系列领域的证据，建立在社会科学，人文科学和艺术（SHAPE）研究界的一系列专家评论，参与，综合和分析的基础上。它还附有一份单独的报告《塑造新冠肺炎十年》，该报告考虑了政策制定者可能如何应对。历史表明，流行病和其他危机可以成为以新方式重建社会的催化剂，但这需要地方、区域和国家各级决策者的远见和相互联系。随着疫苗的出现和即将结束的封锁，我们可能会认为COVID-19的影响即将结束。这是错误的。我们正处于COVID十年：这一流行病的社会、经济和文化影响将给未来投下长长的阴影-也许超过十年-我们越早开始了解，我们就越能更好地解决这些问题。当然，封锁带来了许多影响，包括无法看到家人和朋友，旅行或参加休闲活动。随着封锁的结束，这些问题应该会很快得到缓解。但对健康和福祉、社区和凝聚力、技能、就业和经济有一系列更深层次的影响，这些影响将在未来多年对英国产生深远影响。总之，这一流行病加剧了现有的不平等和差异，并造成了新的不平等和差异，同时暴露了关键的社会需求和优势。对于个人、社区、地区、国家和整个英国来说，这些可能在不同的地方、沿着不同的时间进程以不同的方式出现。我们将证据分为三个社会影响领域。当我们在这三个领域收集证据时，我们根据五个交叉主题--治理、不平等、凝聚力、信任和可持续性--不断进行评估，读者会发现这些主题反映在各章中。在整理和评估证据的整个过程中，地点（自然和社会背景、地点）、规模（个人、社区、区域、国家）和时间（过去、现在、未来;短期、中期和长期）等方面在评估社会影响的性质及其如何发挥作用、改变其长期影响方面发挥了重要作用。
The British Academy was asked by the Government Office for Science to produce an independent review on the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19. This report outlines the evidence across a range of areas, building upon a series of expert reviews, engagement, synthesis and analysis across the research community in the Social Sciences, Humanities and the Arts (SHAPE). It is accompanied by a separate report, Shaping the COVID decade, which considers how policymakers might respond. History shows that pandemics and other crises can be catalysts to rebuild society in new ways, but that this requires vision and interconnectivity between policymakers at local, regional and national levels. With the advent of vaccines and the imminent ending of lockdowns, we might think that the impact of COVID-19 is coming to an end. This would be wrong. We are in a COVID decade: the social, economic and cultural effects of the pandemic will cast a long shadow into the future – perhaps longer than a decade – and the sooner we begin to understand, the better placed we will be to address them. There are of course many impacts which flowed from lockdowns, including not being able to see family and friends, travel or take part in leisure activities. These should ease quickly as lockdown comes to an end. But there are a set of deeper impacts on health and wellbeing, communities and cohesion, and skills, employment and the economy which will have profound effects upon the UK for many years to come. In sum, the pandemic has exacerbated existing inequalities and differences and created new ones, as well as exposing critical societal needs and strengths. These can emerge differently across places, and along different time courses, for individuals, communities, regions, nations and the UK as a whole. We organised the evidence into three areas of societal effect. As we gathered evidence in these three areas, we continually assessed it according to five cross-cutting themes – governance, inequalities, cohesion, trust and sustainability – which the reader will find reflected across the chapters. Throughout the process of collating and assessing the evidence, the dimensions of place (physical and social context, locality), scale (individual, community, regional, national) and time (past, present, future; short, medium and longer term) played a significant role in assessing the nature of the societal impacts and how they might play out, altering their long-term effects.