The Philosophy of Management
The Philosophy of Management
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管理哲学
DOI：
10.4324/9780203507827
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Oliver J. Sheldon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oliver J. Sheldon
1890 年至 1940 年期间标志着分析和理解商业组织如何运作的第一次系统尝试。在此之前，大多数注意力都集中在企业的投入上，特别是三种生产要素：土地、劳动力和资本，而在较小程度上，则集中在企业生产和销售的产品和服务上。现在，商人和社会科学家都开始将注意力转向组织本身：它是如何形成的，它是如何组织和控制的，以及它是如何运作的。通过这样做，他们为我们今天所知的组织行为领域奠定了基础。该集包括学者和实践者的作品，其中包括 20 世纪初的一些领先商业思想家：埃尔顿·梅奥 (Elton Mayo)、玛丽·帕克·福莱特 (Mary Parker Follett)、德克斯特·金博尔 (Dexter Kimball) 和莉莲·吉尔布雷斯 (Lillian Gilbreth)。这些提交的材料共同展示了心理学和社会学等新学科以及科学管理原理是如何解决这个问题的。当时和现在一样，大企业管理者面临的问题既是现实的，也是道德的——如何实现效率最大化，如何创造吸引最高技能和忠诚员工的工作氛围，如何确保高效沟通和促进创新，以及如何获得持久的竞争优势和成功。 （其中许多主题在早期的“人力资源管理”集中也有所涉及，“组织行为”是该集中的姊妹篇）。这些作品代表了该学科的基本观点：后续作品可能会更详细地探讨组织和行为的各个方面。
The period 1890-1940 marks the first systematic attempt to analyze and understand how commercial organizations function. Prior to this period, most attention had been focused on inputs into business - specifically the three factors of production: land, labour and capital - and to a much lesser extent, on the products and services they produced and sold. Now, businessmen and social scientists alike began turning their attention to the organization itself: how it was formed, how it was organized and controlled, and how it functioned. In doing so, they laid the groundwork for the field that we know today as organization behaviour. This set includes work by both academics and practitioners, including some of the leading business thinkers of the early 20th century: Elton Mayo, Mary Parker Follett, Dexter Kimball and Lillian Gilbreth. Together, the submissions show how new disciples like psychology and sociology as well as the principles of scientific management were brought to bear on the problem. Then as now, the problems faced by the managers of large businesses were both practical and moral - how to achieve mazimum efficiency, how to create a workplace climate that attracted the most highly skilled and loyal employees, how to ensure efficient communication and promote innovation, and how to achieve lasting competitive advantage and success. (Many of these themes were also touched on in the earlier set, "Human Resource Management", and "Organization Behaviour" serves as a companion to that collection). These works represent a foundational view of the discipline: later sets may explore individual aspects of organization and behaviour in more detail.