Vector Competence of Geographical Populations of Ornithodoros turicata for the Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Spirochete Borrelia turicatae
Vector Competence of Geographical Populations of Ornithodoros turicata for the Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Spirochete Borrelia turicatae
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01505-18
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Lopez, Job E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Krishnavajhala, Aparna;Armstrong, Brittany A.;Lopez, Job E.
媒介能力是指节肢动物获取、维持和成功传播微生物病原体的能力。蜱传回归热（TBRF）螺旋体是一种全球性分布的病原体，大多数物种由鸟虱属的蜱传播。载体感受态的一个定义特征是TBRF螺旋体物种对给定蜱物种的明显特异性。在美国南部的干旱地区，猪疏螺旋体是结核分枝杆菌出血热的主要病因。有趣的是，有两个种群的蜱媒分布在整个地区。鸟类是分布在加州到德克萨斯州的西部种群。路易斯安那州、密西西比州和亚拉巴马州有一个缺口，那里的蜱虫还没有被发现。在佛罗里达有一个孤立的东部种群，被指定为亚种，O.美洲大蠊存在的一个知识差距是对西方和东方蜱虫种群对B的媒介能力了解不足。turiclavia。在这项研究中，我们产生了未感染的O。turicata和O.美洲大蠊B。评估了幼虫的获得、蜕皮期间的维持和随后的传播。我们的研究结果显示，小鼠感染后喂养感染O。turicata和O.美洲扁虱在动物身上传播。有趣的是，两个蜱种群的唾液腺都定植有B。turicarbonate到类似的密度。我们的研究结果表明，在本研究中评估的蜱菌落的唾液腺影响评估的B的载体能力。重要性几个知识差距存在于各种地理种群的载体能力的O。turicata传播B。turiclavia。这种蜱的西部种群分布在从加州到德克萨斯州，东部种群存在于佛罗里达。利用西方和东方的媒介种群，我们研究了两种B的获得和传播。尿酸盐分离物。无论使用哪种隔离物，在东部人口喂养它们之后，小鼠的感染频率都很低。由于唾液腺定植对B是必不可少的。在这些组织中，进一步评价了尿路感染。有趣的是，来自两个群体的唾液腺类似地被B定殖。turiclavia。这些发现表明蜱唾液在建立感染中的作用，唾液腺可能是成功传播的瓶颈。
Vector competence refers to the ability of an arthropod to acquire, maintain, and successfully transmit a microbial pathogen. Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) spirochetes are globally distributed pathogens, and most species are transmitted by argasid ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. A defining characteristic in vector competence is an apparent specificity of a species of TBRF spirochete to a given tick species. In arid regions of the southern United States, Borrelia turicatae is the primary cause of TBRF. Interestingly, there are two populations of the tick vector distributed throughout this region. Ornithodoros turicata is a western population that ranges from California to Texas. There is a gap through Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama where the tick has not been identified. An isolated eastern population exists in Florida and was designated a subspecies, O. turicata americanus. A knowledge gap that exists is the poor understanding of vector competence between western and eastern populations of ticks for B. turicatae. In this study, we generated uninfected colonies of O. turicata that originated in Texas and Kansas and of O. turicata americanus. B. turicatae acquisition, maintenance through the molt, and subsequent transmission were evaluated. Our findings revealed significant differences in murine infection after feeding infected O. turicata and O. turicata americanus ticks on the animals. Interestingly, the salivary glands of both tick populations were colonized with B. turicatae to similar densities. Our results suggest that the salivary glands of the tick colonies assessed in this study impact vector competence of the evaluated B. turicatae isolates.IMPORTANCE Several knowledge gaps exist in the vector competence of various geographical populations of O. turicata that transmit B. turicatae. A western population of this tick is distributed from California to Texas, and an eastern population exists in Florida. Utilizing western and eastern populations of the vector, we studied acquisition and transmission of two B. turicatae isolates. Regardless of the isolate used, infection frequencies were poor in mice after the eastern population feeding on them. Since salivary gland colonization is essential for B. turicatae transmission, these tissues were further evaluated. Interestingly, the salivary glands from the two populations were similarly colonized with B. turicatae. These findings suggest the role of tick saliva in the establishment of infection and that the salivary glands may be a bottleneck for successful transmission.