Thermodynamic formalism for a liquid microcluster in vapor.
Thermodynamic formalism for a liquid microcluster in vapor.
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蒸气中液体微团簇的热力学形式。
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.36.4845
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nishioka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishioka
一个热力学形式主义的液体微团簇，这是如此之小，大体积液体的均匀性质，甚至在中心没有达到。该系统是仔细定义的数学边界，然后引入热力学变量，在这样一种方式，考虑到内部和外部的边界分子的相互作用。结果表明，变量可以分为广泛的和密集的，也可以导出吉布斯-迪昂关系。它是澄清，无论是表面张力在西冈的形式主义与等分子分割面和吉布斯的形式主义与表面张力代表可逆的工作非常相似的性质。最后，由于在蒸汽中的微团簇的平移和旋转的复杂性进行了讨论，和使用的内部自由能的微团簇得到的表面张力在Nishioka的形式主义的团簇大小的依赖性是合理的。
A thermodynamic formalism is developed for a liquid microcluster which is so small that the homogeneous properties of the bulk liquid are not attained even at the center. The system is carefully defined by a mathematical boundary, and then the thermodynamic variables are introduced in such a manner that the interaction of molecules inside and outside the boundary is taken into consideration. It is shown that the variables may be classified into the extensive and the intensive ones and the Gibbs-Duhem relation may also be derived. It is clarified that both the surface tension in Nishioka's formalism with the equimolecular dividing surface and that in Gibbs's formalism with the surface of tension represent the reversible works of a very similar nature. Finally, complication due to translation and rotation of a microcluster in vapor is discussed, and the use of the internal free energy of a microcluster to get the cluster-size dependence of the surface tension in Nishioka's formalism is shown to be reasonable.