Is PM1 similar to PM2.5? A new insight into the association of PM1 and PM2.5 with children's lung function
Is PM1 similar to PM2.5? A new insight into the association of PM1 and PM2.5 with children's lung function
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PM1 与 PM2.5 相似吗？
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2020.106092
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Dong, Guang-Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yang, Mo;Guo, Yu-Ming;Dong, Guang-Hui
实验数据表明，PM 1比PM2.5更具毒性，尽管流行病学证据表明，健康协会是相似的。然而，很少有客观的暴露数据可以比较PM 1和PM2.5与儿童肺功能的关系。我们的目标是：a）评估长期暴露于PM 1、PM2.5与儿童肺功能之间的关联; B）比较PM 1和PM2.5之间的关联。从2012年到2013年，我们从中国东北七个城市的中小学随机招募了6,740名儿童（7-14岁）。我们使用两台便携式电子肺量计测量肺功能，包括用力肺活量（FVC）、第一秒用力呼气量（FEV 1）、最大呼气流量（PEF）和最大呼气中期流量（MMEF）。我们根据性别和年龄的预期值对连续肺功能测量进行了二分。PM 1和PM2.5估计的空间分辨率是使用机器学习方法估计的，时间平均浓度是从2009年到2012年的平均值。多水平回归模型用于估计PM 1，PM2.5暴露和肺功能测量的相关性，调整混杂因素。PM 1与肺功能降低的相关性始终大于PM2.5。对于MMEF，PM 1每四分位距的校正比值比（OR）范围为1.53 FEV 1（95%置信区间[CI]：1.20-1.96）至2.14（95%CI：1.66-2.76）和PM2.5的OR范围分别为MMEF的1.36（95%CI：1.12-1.66）至FEV 1的1.82（95%CI：1.49-2.22）。PM 1和PM2.5与小学生FVC和FEV 1显著相关，与中学生PEF和MMEF显著相关。PM 1和PM2.5长期暴露可导致儿童肺功能下降，且PM 1的相关性强于PM2.5。因此，PM 1可能比PM2.5暴露对儿童呼吸系统健康的危害更大。
Experimental data suggests that PM1 is more toxic than PM2.5 although the epidemiologic evidence suggests that the health associations are similar. However, few objective exposure data are available to compare the associations of PM1 and PM2.5 with children lung function. Our objectives are a) to evaluate associations between long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5 and children's lung function, and b) to compare the associations between PM1 and PM2.5. From 2012 to 2013, we enrolled 6,740 children (7-14 years), randomly recruited from primary and middle schools located in seven cities in northeast China. We measured lung function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) utilizing two portable electronic spirometers. We dichotomized continuous lung function measures according the expected values for gender and age. The spatial resolution at which PM1 and PM2.5 estimated were estimated using a machine learning method and the temporal average concentrations were averaged from 2009 to 2012. A multilevel regression model was used to estimate the associations of PM1, PM2.5 exposure and lung function measures, adjusted for confounding factors. Associations with lower lung function were consistently larger for PM1 than for PM2.5. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) per interquartile range greater PM1 ranged from 1.53 for MMEF (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-1.96) to 2.14 for FEV1 (95% CI: 1.66-2.76) and ORs for PM2.5 ranged from 1.36 for MMEF (95%CI: 1.12-1.66) to 1.82 for FEV1 (95%CI: 1.49-2.22), respectively. PM1 and PM2.5 had significant associations with FVC and FEV1 in primary school children, and on PEF and MMEF in middle school children. Long-term PM1 and PM2.5 exposure can lead to decreased lung function in children, and the associations of PM1 are stronger than PM2.5. Therefore, PM1 may be more hazardous to children's respiratory health than PM2.5 exposure.