The mismatch effect: When testosterone and status are at odds
The mismatch effect: When testosterone and status are at odds
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.90.6.999
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Mehta, Pranjal H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Josephs, Robert A.;Sellers, Jennifer Guinn;Mehta, Pranjal H.
为什么有些人努力追求高地位，而另一些人却极力避免高地位？在目前的研究中，作者检查了基线睾丸激素与一个人当前状态水平之间不匹配的心理和生理后果。作者通过操纵竞争将睾酮水平高和低的个体置于高或低地位的位置来测试这种不匹配效应。在研究1中，睾酮水平低的参与者报告了更大的情绪唤起，更关注自己的地位，并且在地位高的位置上表现出更差的认知功能。睾酮水平高的参与者在地位低的情况下也表现出这种模式。在研究2中，情绪唤醒的结果用心率来重复，认知的结果用数学测试来重复。在研究3中，作者证明了睾丸激素比自我报告更能预测支配需求的行为。讨论的重点是测量激素在人格和社会心理学中的价值。
Why do some people strive for high status, whereas others actively avoid it? In the present studies, the authors examined the psychological and physiological consequences of a mismatch between baseline testosterone and a person's current level of status. The authors tested this mismatch effect by placing high and low testosterone individuals into high or low status positions using a rigged competition. In Study 1, low testosterone participants reported greater emotional arousal, focused more on their status, and showed worse cognitive functioning in a high status position. High testosterone participants showed this pattern in a low status position. In Study 2, the emotional arousal findings were replicated with heart rate, and the cognitive findings were replicated using a math test. In Study 3, the authors demonstrate that testosterone is a better predictor of behavior than self-report measures of the need for dominance. Discussion focuses on the value of measuring hormones in personality and social psychology.