Species-specific water use by forest tree species: From the tree to the stand
Species-specific water use by forest tree species: From the tree to the stand
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2012.06.024
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Valladares, Fernando
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aranda, Ismael;Forner, Alicia;Valladares, Fernando
森林在水文循环中发挥着关键作用，这使得在全球变化背景下对树木和林分用水的研究至关重要。在过去几十年中，人们已经描述了日益严重和更加严重的干旱对森林植被的非常负面影响。在许多森林，特别是在欧洲温带和地中海地区，疾病和衰退的症状与降水模式的变化有关。生理和形态的种内和种间差异对森林生态系统的水分平衡产生了巨大但尚未得到充分了解的影响，进一步影响了它们对干旱的脆弱性。林分结构和组成影响着整个生态系统的截流、径流和水通量。扩大生物燃料工业的人工林和天然林和半天然林都必须在其用水量的基础上以可持续的方式管理。本文综述了森林水分利用的主要驱动因素，如物种组成、每种物种的树冠状态和物种对土壤缺水的特定敏感性。具体来说，我们讨论了这些因素对天然林的作用，但也参考了人工林。在不久的将来，水资源短缺将成为世界范围内最大的社会问题之一，因此天然林和人工林生态系统的水资源利用已成为当前研究议程的中心课题。(C) 2012 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Forests play a critical role in the hydrological cycle making the study of water use by trees and forest stands of prime importance in the global change context Very negative effects of increasing and more intense droughts on forest vegetation have been described over the last decades. Symptoms of disease and decline have been associated with changed precipitation patterns in many forests particularly in European temperate and Mediterranean regions. Intra- and inter-specific differences in both physiology and morphology exert a large but not well understood influence on the water balance of forest ecosystems, further affecting their vulnerability to drought. Stand structure and composition influences rainfall interception, runoff and water fluxes of the whole ecosystem. Both expanding plantations of renovated interest for biofuel industry and natural and semi-natural forests must be managed in a sustainable way on the basis of their water consumption. We review the role of key drivers on forest water use such as species composition, tree canopy status of each of them and species specific sensitivity to soil water scarcity. Specifically we discuss the role of these factors for natural forest, but with references also to forest plantations. Water scarcity is expected to be one of the largest societal problems worldwide in the near future, so water use by natural and planted forest ecosystems has become a central subject in current research agendas. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.