Investigation of Tire Rotating Modeling Techniques Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Investigation of Tire Rotating Modeling Techniques Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
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使用计算流体动力学研究轮胎旋转建模技术

DOI:
10.1115/1.4051311
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Fluids Engineering
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Untaroiu, Alexandrina
Untaroiu, Alexandrina
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fu, Gen;Untaroiu, Alexandrina

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燃油效率对于新车来说非常重要。因此,改善轮胎的空气动力学特性已经开始受到越来越多的关注。虽然实验方法是耗时和昂贵的,数值方法已被用来研究轮胎周围的空气流动。旋转边界和接触面是轮胎空气动力学建模中的重要问题。因此,大多数现有的建模方法都是通过忽略轮胎变形和接触片来简化的。在这项研究中,基线计算流体动力学(CFD)模型创建的轮胎与接触补丁。为了有效地生成网格,采用了一种混合网格,它结合了六角形单元和多面体单元。然后,三种建模方法(旋转壁,多参考框架,滑动网格)的轮胎旋转建模进行了比较。此外,三种不同的轮胎设计进行了研究,包括光滑轮胎,沟槽轮胎,沟槽轮胎与开放轮辋。基线模型的预测结果与实测数据吻合较好。此外,混合网格显示是有效的,并产生准确的结果。计算流体力学模型往往高估了旋转轮胎的阻力与接触补丁。滑动网格方法比旋转壁和多参考系方法产生更准确的预测。对于不同的轮胎设计,开口轮辋轮胎具有最高的阻力。相信本研究提出的方法将有助于设计具有高空气动力学性能的新轮胎。
Fuel efficiency becomes very important for new vehicles. Therefore, improving the aerodynamics of tires has started to receive increasing interest. While the experimental approaches are time-consuming and costly, numerical methods have been employed to investigate the air flow around tires. Rotating boundary and contact patch are important challenges in the modeling of tire aerodynamics. Therefore, majority of the current modeling approaches are simplified by neglecting the tire deformation and contact patch. In this study, a baseline computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is created for a tire with contact patch. To generate mesh efficiently, a hybrid mesh, which combines hex elements and polyhedral elements, is used. Then, three modeling approaches (rotating wall, multiple reference frame, and sliding mesh) are compared for the modeling of tire rotation. Additionally, three different tire designs are investigated, including smooth tire, grooved tire, and grooved tire with open rim. The predicted results of the baseline model agree well with the measured data. Additionally, the hybrid mesh shows to be efficient and to generate accurate results. The CFD model tends to overpredict the drag of a rotating tire with contact patch. Sliding mesh approach generated more accurate predictions than the rotating wall and multiple reference frame approaches. For different tire designs, tire with open rim has the highest drag. It is believed that the methodology presented in this study will help in designing new tires with high aerodynamic performance.
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