Space-time income distribution dynamics in Mexico
Space-time income distribution dynamics in Mexico
复制标题
墨西哥时空收入分配动态
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Rey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Gutiérrez;S. Rey
墨西哥的收入分配不均经常受到审查和关注。这种现象似乎有一个空间对应物，人们对此的探索要少得多，而且越来越复杂。本文介绍了一种新的方法来分析墨西哥收入分配动态的时空整合。我们借鉴了探索性时空数据分析（ESTDA）和方向统计的最新扩展，以研究70多年来墨西哥各州之间的空间动态和收入流动模式。我们使用空间随机化来测试空间连续单元中的定向协同运动，作为收入分配动态中空间依赖性的证据。沿着研究期间发现了收入分配动态空间整合的有力证据。我们的研究结果表明，在许多情况下，国家不独立行动，我们确定了一系列的综合运动。缺乏独立性本身就对收入分配结果产生重要影响，因为流动性较高并不一定意味着收入分配中的混合，这种情况更有可能发生在收入阶层相似的邻国之间。这可以说明两个空间的调查结果，但，对比效果：空间整合（低）自上而下的流动性，一方面，和负面的空间依赖。虽然后者主要是由国家的损失和分配收益的邻居与收入混合（相邻国家之间的排名变化）在一组国家，前一种现象服从不同的空间过程中，一个国家和邻居在同一方向上移动的分布空间。总之，我们的研究结果表明，在墨西哥的空间变化缓慢的存在，主要是由于存在异质性，空间整合的动态影响净变化的收入分配结果。
The uneven income distribution in Mexico has frequently being subject to both scrutiny and concern. This phenomenon seems to have a spatial counterpart much less explored and increasingly complex. This paper introduces a novel approach to analyse space–time integration of income distribution dynamics in Mexico. We draw on recent extensions in Exploratory Space-Time Data Analysis (ESTDA) and directional statistics, to investigate spatial dynamics and income movement patterns between Mexican states over 70 years. We use spatial randomization to test directional co-movements in spatially contiguous units as evidence of spatial dependence in income distribution dynamics. Strong evidence of spatial integration of income distribution dynamics is found along the study period. Our results suggest that, in many instances, states do not act independently and we identify a range of integrated movements. The lack of independence itself has important implications for income distributional outcomes as higher mobility will not necessarily imply mixing in the distribution, which is more likely to occur among neighbouring states within a similar income strata. This can be illustrated by the findings of two spatial, yet, contrasting effects: spatial integration in (low) top-down mobility, on the one hand, and negative spatial dependence on the other. While the latter is mostly explained by losses in states and distributional gains of the neighbours with income mixing (rank shifts among neighbouring states) within a group of states, the former phenomena obey a different spatial process where a state and neighbours move in the same direction in the distributional space. Altogether, our findings suggest the presence of slow spatial change in Mexico, mainly due to the presence of heterogeneous, spatially integrated dynamics influencing net change in income distributional outcomes.