The comparative politics of COVID-19: The need to understand government responses
The comparative politics of COVID-19: The need to understand government responses
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DOI：
10.1080/17441692.2020.1783340
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发表时间：
2020-06-20
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Peralta-Santos, Andre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Greer, Scott L.;King, Elizabeth J.;Peralta-Santos, Andre
COVID-19 在世界许多国家造成了严重的公共卫生、经济和政治危机。虽然在全球范围内，疫情处于不同阶段，并且在一些国家远未得到控制，但现在是公共卫生研究人员和政治科学家开始了解政府如何以及为何采取如此应对措施的时候了，探索这些应对措施的效果如何，以及我们可以在有效的公共卫生政策制定方面吸取哪些经验教训，为下一波 COVID-19 或下一次传染病大流行做准备。我们认为，如果不了解政策和政治，就无法了解对 COVID-19 的不同反应及其影响。我们提出四个关键焦点来理解应对 COVID-19 的原因：危机管理和恢复的社会政策、政权类型（民主或独裁）、正式政治机构（联邦制、总统制）和国家能力（对医疗保健系统和公共行政的控制）。以政治为重点的应对 COVID-19 大流行的研究议程可以制定更现实、可持续的政策干预措施，并塑造我们对公共卫生政治的更广泛理解。
COVID-19 has created a ramifying public health, economic, and political crisis throughout many countries in the world. While globally the pandemic is at different stages and far from under control in some countries, now is the time for public health researchers and political scientists to start understanding how and why governments responded the way they have, explore how effective these responses appear to be, and what lessons we can draw about effective public health policymaking in preparation of the next wave of COVID-19 or the next infectious disease pandemic. We argue that there will be no way to understand the different responses to COVID-19 and their effects without understanding policy and politics. We propose four key focuses to understand the reasons for COVID-19 responses: social policies to crisis management as well as recovery, regime type (democracy or autocracy), formal political institutions (federalism, presidentialism), and state capacity (control over health care systems and public administration). A research agenda to address the COVID-19 pandemic that takes politics as a serious focus can enable the development of more realistic, sustainable interventions in policies and shape our broader understanding of the politics of public health.