Rewriting the Climatology of the Tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea Atmosphere
Rewriting the Climatology of the Tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea Atmosphere
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DOI：
10.1175/2010jcli3496.1
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Dunion, Jason P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunion, Jason P.
50多年来，乔丹平均热带探空资料为描述北大西洋热带地区和加勒比海大气的气候状况提供了基准参考。然而，近期的观测和研究表明，在北大西洋飓风季节的几个月里，世界这一地区受到具有非常不同的热力和动力特性的多种气团的影响。本研究检查了1995 - 2002年飓风季节核心月份（7月 - 10月）期间在加勒比海地区获取的约6000次无线电探空观测资料。研究发现，由这个新数据集生成的单一平均探空资料与C. L. 乔丹1958年的探空研究成果非常相似。然而，近期开发的能够追踪中低层干空气气团的多光谱卫星图像显示，1995 - 2002年飓风季节数据集（乔丹的数据集可能也是如此）主要由三种不同的气团主导：潮湿热带气团（MT）、撒哈拉空气层（SAL）和中纬度干空气入侵气团（MLDAIs）。研究结果表明，每次探空都与独特的热力、动力、稳定性和平均海平面气压特征相关，而且这些探空资料中没有一个能被像乔丹的那种单一平均探空资料很好地代表。这项工作提出了北大西洋热带地区和加勒比海地区的三种新的平均热带探空资料（MT、SAL和MLDAI），并包含了它们的时间变异性、热力学、风、风切变、稳定性、可降水量以及平均海平面气压属性等信息。结论是，这里提出的新的MT、SAL和MLDAI探空资料更有力地描绘了大西洋飓风季节期间北大西洋热带地区和加勒比海的大气状况，应该取代乔丹平均热带探空资料，成为世界这一地区新的基准探空资料。
The Jordan mean tropical sounding has provided a benchmark reference for representing the climatology of the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea atmosphere for over 50 years. However, recent observations and studies have suggested that during the months of the North Atlantic hurricane season, this region of the world is affected by multiple air masses with very distinct thermodynamic and kinematic characteristics. This study examined similar to 6000 rawinsonde observations from the Caribbean Sea region taken during the core months (July October) of the 1995-2002 hurricane seasons. It was found that single mean soundings created from this new dataset were very similar to C. L. Jordan's 1958 sounding work. However, recently developed multispectral satellite imagery that can track low- to midlevel dry air masses indicated that the 1995-2002 hurricane season dataset (and likely Jordan's dataset as well) was dominated by three distinct air masses: moist tropical (MT), Saharan air layer (SAL), and midlatitude dry air intrusions (MLDAIs). Findings suggest that each sounding is associated with unique thermodynamic, kinematic, stability, and mean sea level pressure characteristics and that none of these soundings is particularly well represented by a single mean sounding such as Jordan's. This work presents three new mean tropical soundings (MT, SAL, and MLDAI) for the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea region and includes information on their temporal variability, thermodynamics, winds, wind shear, stability, total precipitable water, and mean sea level pressure attributes. It is concluded that the new MT, SAL, and MLDAI soundings presented here provide a more robust depiction of the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea atmosphere during the Atlantic hurricane season and should replace the Jordan mean tropical sounding as the new benchmark soundings for this part of the world.