Interspecific variation in resistance and tolerance to herbicide drift reveals potential consequences for plant community coflowering interactions and structure at the agro-eco interface
Interspecific variation in resistance and tolerance to herbicide drift reveals potential consequences for plant community coflowering interactions and structure at the agro-eco interface
复制标题
对除草剂漂移的抗性和耐受性的种间变异揭示了农业-生态界面上植物群落共花相互作用和结构的潜在后果
DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcac137
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ashman, Tia-Lynn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Iriart, Veronica;Baucom, Regina S;Ashman, Tia-Lynn
背景和目的当植物群落暴露于除草剂“漂移”时，其中含有活性成分的颗粒偏离目标，种间抗性或耐受性的变化可能会扩大到影响群落动态。反过来，这些变化可能威胁到农业生态系统的多样性和稳定性。我们调查了除草剂漂移对25种野生植物的生长和繁殖的影响，使漂移暴露对植物-植物相互作用和更广泛的生态community.MethodsWe暴露的盆栽植物的后果的漂移水平剂量的广泛使用的除草剂麦草畏或在温室中的控制解决方案，通常发生在农业地区的物种。我们评估了植物和花卉性状的抗性和耐受性的物种水平变化。我们通过比较物种均匀度和开花网络的温室合成群落组成的漂移暴露和control plants.Key ResultsSpecies的漂移评估社区层面的影响显著不同的抗性和耐受性麦草畏漂移：有些人受到负面影响，而其他人表现出过度补偿的反应。物种在漂移暴露后随着时间的推移部署花朵的方式也有所不同。虽然漂移对基于植物生物量的群落均匀度的影响可以忽略不计，但它引起了群落内共花网络结构的显着差异。漂移减少了物种之间的开花重叠的程度和强度，改变了组成的群体的物种，更有可能共同花与对方比与其他和转移物种的角色（例如，从占主导地位的劣势花卉生产者，反之亦然）。如果田间生长的植物也有类似的反应，那么这些变化可能会影响植物-植物竞争动力学，并可能影响农业生态界面植物群落内发生的植物-传粉者相互作用。
Background and AimsWhen plant communities are exposed to herbicide ‘drift’, wherein particles containing the active ingredient travel off-target, interspecific variation in resistance or tolerance may scale up to affect community dynamics. In turn, these alterations could threaten the diversity and stability of agro-ecosystems. We investigated the effects of herbicide drift on the growth and reproduction of 25 wild plant species to make predictions about the consequences of drift exposure on plant–plant interactions and the broader ecological community.MethodsWe exposed potted plants from species that commonly occur in agricultural areas to a drift-level dose of the widely used herbicide dicamba or a control solution in the glasshouse. We evaluated species-level variation in resistance and tolerance for vegetative and floral traits. We assessed community-level impacts of drift by comparing the species evenness and flowering networks of glasshouse synthetic communities comprised of drift-exposed and control plants.Key ResultsSpecies varied significantly in resistance and tolerance to dicamba drift: some were negatively impacted while others showed overcompensatory responses. Species also differed in the way they deployed flowers over time following drift exposure. While drift had negligible effects on community evenness based on vegetative biomass, it caused salient differences in the structure of co-flowering networks within communities. Drift reduced the degree and intensity of flowering overlap among species, altered the composition of groups of species that were more likely to co-flower with each other than with others and shifted species roles (e.g. from dominant to inferior floral producers, and vice versa).ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that even low levels of herbicide exposure can significantly alter plant growth and reproduction, particularly flowering phenology. If field-grown plants respond similarly, then these changes would probably impact plant–plant competitive dynamics and potentially plant–pollinator interactions occurring within plant communities at the agro-ecological interface.