Co-creation and ambiguous ownership within virtual communities: the case of the Machinima community
Co-creation and ambiguous ownership within virtual communities: the case of the Machinima community
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DOI：
10.1002/cb.1437
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Garry, Tony
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harwood, Tracy;Garry, Tony
这项研究通过经验性地调查了与虚拟体验环境中共同创造的产品的法律所有权不明确相关的问题，以及这些问题对价值创造的后续影响，从而有助于我们对价值及其共同创造的理解存在差距。其背景是Machinima，即使用计算机游戏引擎的内容制作原创内容，其中游戏开发商和虚拟社区的成员同时合作生成和分发内容，从而可能造成围绕所有权和作者身份的紧张局势。调查有三个目的。第一个目标是提供一个整体格式塔，说明当消费者和生产者的角色变得模糊时，价值是如何共同创造、转化、转移和消费的。第二个目标是审查法律上的所有权模糊如何在这种情况下潜在地成为创造力的推动者。最终目标是更好地理解这种所有权模糊的社会、经济和法律决定因素和后果，既是一种经验，也是一种隐含的法律安排。总体而言，这些发现表明，从法律角度来看，所有权的模棱两可的性质从组织和社区角度都有助于并促进创造性努力。在这项研究的背景下，所有权模糊矛盾地提供了一个持续的环境，在这个环境中，对参与者和开发者都有利的价值创造过程蓬勃发展。版权所有(C)2014 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
This research contributes to a gap in our understanding of value and its cocreation by empirically investigating issues related to ambiguities of legal ownership of cocreated outputs from a virtual experience environment and the subsequent consequences of these on value creation. The context is Machinima, the making of original content using the content of computer games engines wherein a games developer and members of a virtual community simultaneously collaborate to generate and distribute content thus potentially creating tension around ownership and authorship. The investigation had three aims. The first objective was to provide a holistic gestalt of how value is cocreated, transformed, transferred and consumed when the roles of consumer and producer become blurred'. The second objective was to examine how legal ambiguity' of ownership potentially acts as an enabler of creativity within such contexts. The final objective was to develop a better understanding of the social, economic and legal determinants and consequences of such ambiguity on ownership as both an experience and an implicit legal arrangement. Taken holistically, the findings suggest the ambiguous nature of ownership from a legal perspective contributes and informs creative endeavour from both an organisational and community perspective. Within the context of this investigation, ownership ambiguity paradoxically may provide an on-going environment in which value creation processes beneficial to both participant and developer flourish. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.