In Vitro Spermatogenesis: How Far from Clinical Application?
In Vitro Spermatogenesis: How Far from Clinical Application?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11934-016-0605-3
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sadri-Ardekani, Hooman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galdon, Guillermo;Atala, Anthony;Sadri-Ardekani, Hooman
男性不育症影响了7%的男性人口，10%的不育男性是无精子症。在这些情况下，使用显微外科睾丸精子提取(m-TESE)和胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)可以帮助相当数量的患者。然而，在体外将二倍体生殖细胞分化为成熟的单倍体生殖细胞有可能造福于许多其他人，包括儿童癌症幸存者，他们之前在开始性腺毒性癌症治疗之前冷冻了他们未成熟的睾丸组织，以及生精停止的男性。这篇系统的综述评价和总结了半个世纪以来研究人员为实现哺乳动物物种的体外精子发生所做的努力。在二维或三维细胞培养系统中，已经开发了无数的实验分析和方法，使用完整的睾丸组织或从睾丸中分离出单个细胞(2D或3D)。哺乳动物体外精子发生的最新进展，特别是在小鼠和非人类灵长类系统中的进展，有望在不久的将来将体外精子发生模型转化为人类临床环境中的可用模型。
Male infertility affects 7 % of the male population, and 10 % of infertile men are azoospermic. In these instances, using microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (m-TESE) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) helps a significant number of patients. However, in vitro differentiation of diploid germ cells to mature haploid germ cell has the potential to benefit many others, including pediatric cancer survivors who have previously cryopreserved their immature testicular tissue prior to starting gonadotoxic cancer treatment as well as men with spermatogenic arrest. This systematic review evaluates and summarizes half a century of researchers' efforts towards achieving in vitro spermatogenesis in mammalian species. A myriad of experimental assays and approaches has been developed using whole testis tissue or separated single cells from testis in two-or three-dimensional cell culture systems (2D versus 3D). Recent advances in the mammalian in vitro spermatogenesis, particularly in murine and nonhuman primate systems, hold promise towards translating the availability of in vitro spermatogenesis models in the human clinical setting in the near future.