Increasing Temperature and Relative Humidity Accelerates Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on Surfaces
Increasing Temperature and Relative Humidity Accelerates Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on Surfaces
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/msphere.00441-20
复制
发表时间：
2020-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Altamura, Louis A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biryukov, Jennifer;Boydston, Jeremy A.;Altamura, Louis A.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）于2019年底在中国首次发现，由新发现的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）引起。之前的研究报告了SARS-CoV-2在细胞培养基中的稳定性，并在有限的环境条件下沉积在表面上。在这里，我们广泛研究了相对湿度、温度和液滴大小对SARS-CoV-2在非多孔表面干燥的模拟临床相关基质中的稳定性的影响。结果表明，随着湿度和温度的增加，SARS-CoV-2的衰减速度更快，但液滴体积（1 ~ 50 μ l）和表面类型（不锈钢、塑料或丁腈手套）对衰减速度没有显著影响。在室温下（24℃），病毒的半衰期根据相对湿度从6.3至18.6小时不等，但当温度升高到35℃时，半衰期缩短至1.0至8.9小时。这些研究结果表明，在室内环境中，污染物传播的可能性可能持续数小时至数天，并对室内环境中表面污染造成的风险评估具有重要意义。在开发有效疫苗和治疗方法的同时，减轻SARS-CoV-2在临床环境和公共场所的传播对于减少COVID-19病例数量至关重要。SARS-CoV-2的传播被认为主要是通过传染性呼吸道飞沫的直接人际传播或通过产生气溶胶的医疗程序发生的。然而，与受污染的表面接触也可能起重要作用。在这种情况下，了解导致SARS-CoV-2在表面持续存在的因素将有助于更准确地估计接触传播的风险，并为缓解策略提供信息。为此，我们开发了一个简单的数学模型，可用于在一系列条件下估计非多孔表面上的病毒衰变，并可在操作上用于确定病毒最持久的室内环境。
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in China in late 2019 and is caused by newly identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Previous studies had reported the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture media and deposited onto surfaces under a limited set of environmental conditions. Here, we broadly investigated the effects of relative humidity, temperature, and droplet size on the stability of SARS-CoV-2 in a simulated clinically relevant matrix dried on nonporous surfaces. The results show that SARS-CoV-2 decayed more rapidly when either humidity or temperature was increased but that droplet volume (1 to 50 mu l) and surface type (stainless steel, plastic, or nitrile glove) did not significantly impact decay rate. At room temperature (24 degrees C), virus half-life ranged from 6.3 to 18.6 h depending on the relative humidity but was reduced to 1.0 to 8.9 h when the temperature was increased to 35 degrees C. These findings suggest that a potential for fomite transmission may persist for hours to days in indoor environments and have implications for assessment of the risk posed by surface contamination in indoor environments.IMPORTANCE Mitigating the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical settings and public spaces is critically important to reduce the number of COVID-19 cases while effective vaccines and therapeutics are under development. SARS-CoV-2 transmission is thought to primarily occur through direct person-to-person transfer of infectious respiratory droplets or through aerosol-generating medical procedures. However, contact with contaminated surfaces may also play a significant role. In this context, understanding the factors contributing to SARS-CoV-2 persistence on surfaces will enable a more accurate estimation of the risk of contact transmission and inform mitigation strategies. To this end, we have developed a simple mathematical model that can be used to estimate virus decay on nonporous surfaces under a range of conditions and which may be utilized operationally to identify indoor environments in which the virus is most persistent.