Assessing the extent of establishment of Undaria pinnatifida in Plymouth Sound Special Area of Conservation, UK
Assessing the extent of establishment of Undaria pinnatifida in Plymouth Sound Special Area of Conservation, UK
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DOI：
10.1017/s1755267214000608
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Heiser;J. Hall‐Spencer;K. Hiscock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Heiser;J. Hall‐Spencer;K. Hiscock
西北太平洋海带Undaria pinnatifida于1971年首次在欧洲的法国地中海沿岸发现，并于1983年引入布列塔尼用于水产养殖。在大西洋东北部，它发生在西班牙、法国、不列颠群岛、比利时和荷兰。英国的第一个记录是在汉布尔河口（1994年），2003年在普利茅斯附近发现。英国的分布目前仅限于英格兰南部和爱尔兰海北部。我们评估了在普利茅斯海峡（相对于图表基准面0到+1米）的羽带藻和本地海带及其盟友的分布。裙带菜广泛分布在岩石海岸和其他坚硬的基质上，与糖衣草和多叶草生长在同一地区。裙带菜在垂直基底上的丰度明显高于朝上的坚硬基底。它几乎与所有其他海带物种在垂直基质上的总和一样常见，但在向上基质上的数量超过了本地物种。裙带藻已成为码头中视觉上占主导地位的大型藻类，并已蔓延到普利茅斯湾周围的自然栖息地。它将在多大程度上胜过本地海带需要监测，特别是在保护区。
The north-west Pacific kelp, Undaria pinnatifida, was first discovered in Europe on the Mediterranean coast of France (1971) and introduced to Brittany for aquaculture (1983). In the north-east Atlantic, it occurs in Spain, France, the British Isles, Belgium and Holland. The first UK record was in the Hamble estuary (1994) and it was found off Plymouth in 2003. The UK distribution is presently restricted to the south of England and the northern Irish Sea. We assessed the distribution of U. pinnatifida and native kelps and their allies in Plymouth Sound (at 0 to +1 m relative to Chart Datum). Undaria pinnatifida was widespread along rocky shores, on other hard substrata and grew in the same areas as Saccharina latissima and Saccorhiza polyschides. Undaria pinnatifida was significantly more abundant on vertical substrata than on upward-facing hard substrata. It was almost as common as all of the other kelp species combined on vertical substrata but was outnumbered by native species on upward-facing substrata. Undaria pinnatifida has become the visually dominant macroalga in marinas and has spread to surrounding natural habitats in Plymouth Sound. The extent to which it will outcompete native kelps requires monitoring, especially in conservation areas.