A novel CO2 thermal management system with battery two-phase (evaporative) cooling for electric vehicles
A novel CO2 thermal management system with battery two-phase (evaporative) cooling for electric vehicles
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100735
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Xiang Yin;Jianmin Fang;Anci Wang;Yulong Song;F. Cao;Xiaolin Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiang Yin;Jianmin Fang;Anci Wang;Yulong Song;F. Cao;Xiaolin Wang
电动汽车的发展促进了对电池冷却的需求增加，并且广泛使用乙二醇水溶液的二次回路。然而，冷却性能受到限制，并且由于大的热容，它严重地受到热延迟的影响。两相蒸发冷却被证明具有更好的性能，但由于蒸发冷却在冷水机组中的不稳定性，受到电池潜在的热跑道传播的干扰。在本文中，提出了一种有效的解决方案的基础上，一种新的蒸发冷却系统与跨临界CO2循环，它总是可以避免这个问题，通过一个简单的控制策略。此外，还建立了控制逻辑，便于实现对座舱和蓄电池的能量管理。建立了数学模型，并通过实验进行了验证。研究了不同操作条件下的蒸汽干度、冷却性能和流速分布。结果表明，该方法能较好地解决锅炉过热和难以控制的问题。在蓄电池功率为0.5 kW的条件下，沿通道的流动蒸汽干度沿着由传统系统的0.23提高到0.94，而在所提出的系统中仅为0.23 ~ 0.4。此外，所提出的系统在35 °C的环境温度下具有13.5%的高COP。它可以用于电动汽车的热管理系统，以实现有效的电池冷却。
Development of electric vehicles promotes an increasing demand for battery cooling, and secondary loop with glycol aqueous is widely used. However, the cooling performance is restricted, and it is heavily affected by the thermal delay because of large heat capacities. Two-phase evaporative cooling was demonstrated to have a better performance, but was disturbed by the potential thermal runway propagation of battery, due to the instability of evaporative cooling in chiller. In the presented paper, an effective solution was proposed based on a novel evaporative cooling system with transcritical CO2 cycles, which could always avoid this problem by a simple control strategy. Moreover, a control logical was set up and it was easy to achieve the energy management for cabin and battery. A mathematical model was developed, and it was validated by experiment. The vapor quality, cooling performance and flow velocity distributions were investigated at different operation conditions. Results showed that it could better deal with the problem of potential overheating and difficult-control. Under the condition of 0.5 kW battery power, the flow vapor quality along the channel increased from 0.23 to 0.94 of the conventional systems, while it only ranged from 0.23 to 0.4 in the proposed system. Additionally, the presented systems had 13.5%higher COP at the ambient temperature of 35 °C. It could be used in electric vehicles thermal management systems for efficient battery cooling.