A Comparative Study of Segregation Patterns in Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden: Neighbourhood Concentration and Representation of Non-European Migrants
A Comparative Study of Segregation Patterns in Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden: Neighbourhood Concentration and Representation of Non-European Migrants
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DOI：
10.1007/s10680-018-9481-5
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
de Valk, Helga A. G.
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作者：
Andersson, Eva K.;Malmberg, Bo;de Valk, Helga A. G.
在本文中，我们使用四个欧洲国家的地理编码、个人级别的登记数据来计算独立于现有地理分区的隔离比较措施。重点是非欧洲移民，对他们来说，以自我为中心的社区（具有不同人口数量）的聚合被用来评估小规模、中规模和大规模的隔离模式。在最小规模的水平上，即 200 人的社区，代表性过高和不足的模式惊人地相似。在更大范围内，比利时的代表性过高和不足现象相对较多。超过 55% 的比利时人口居住在非欧洲移民比例偏低或过高的大型社区中。在其他国家，相应数字在 30% 至 40% 之间。各国差异的可能解释是住房政策和难民安置政策的差异。相对而言，瑞典的非欧洲移民人口最多，丹麦的非欧洲移民人口最少。因此，在移民密集区和本土出生密集地区，与其他国家相比，瑞典社区的非欧洲移民集中度较高，而丹麦的非欧洲移民集中度较低。然而，对于大规模、移民密集的社区，比利时、荷兰和瑞典的集中程度相似。因此，就这种集中造成空间不平等的程度而言，这些国家面临着类似的政策挑战。
In this paper, we use geo-coded, individual-level register data on four European countries to compute comparative measures of segregation that are independent of existing geographical sub-divisions. The focus is on non-European migrants, for whom aggregates of egocentric neighbourhoods (with different population counts) are used to assess small-scale, medium-scale, and large-scale segregation patterns. At the smallest scale level, corresponding to neighbourhoods with 200 persons, patterns of over- and under-representation are strikingly similar. At larger-scale levels, Belgium stands out as having relatively strong over- and under-representation. More than 55% of the Belgian population lives in large-scale neighbourhoods with moderate under- or over-representation of non-European migrants. In the other countries, the corresponding figures are between 30 and 40%. Possible explanations for the variation across countries are differences in housing policies and refugee placement policies. Sweden has the largest and Denmark the smallest non-European migrant population, in relative terms. Thus, in both migrant-dense and native-born-dense areas, Swedish neighbourhoods have a higher concentration and Denmark a lower concentration of non-European migrants than the other countries. For large-scale, migrant-dense neighbourhoods, however, levels of concentration are similar in Belgium, the Netherlands, and Sweden. Thus, to the extent that such concentrations contribute to spatial inequalities, these countries are facing similar policy challenges.