Evaluation of Data Needs for Assessments of Aquifers Supporting Irrigated Agriculture
Evaluation of Data Needs for Assessments of Aquifers Supporting Irrigated Agriculture
复制标题
支持灌溉农业的含水层评估的数据需求评估
作者：
G. Bohling;J. Butler;D. Whittemore;B. Wilson
解决支持灌溉农业的含水层枯竭问题的主要手段之一是减少抽水。在这项工作中，我们解决了一个关键问题，即需要多少数据才能可靠地预测减少抽水量的影响。以前的研究已经证明，在美国中部堪萨斯州的高平原含水层(HPA)中，用一种简单的基于水量平衡的方法来预测总抽水量的变化对平均水位变化的短期影响是有效的，该地区的面积从256到21,600平方公里。该方法在堪萨斯州HPA和其他潜在的高压力含水层中显示出相当大的前景。然而，堪萨斯HPA有别于许多其他含水层的一个特征是，由于报告要求和监管监督，来自数十年前的年度水位测量计划的大量水位数据，以及年度抽水量。大多数地区掌握的信息将会少得多。这项研究通过随机抽样来自堪萨斯州西北部地下水管理区4(GMD4)和堪萨斯州中南部GMD5的水位和用水数据集，调查了更有限的数据可用性的影响。结果表明，只要数据没有系统性的偏差，就可以用比堪萨斯地区稀疏得多的水位和用水数据来准确估计净流入和比产量，这是预测近期含水层对拟议的抽水减少的反应所需的关键参数。
One of the primary means of addressing the depletion of aquifers supporting irrigated agriculture is to reduce pumping. In this work, we address the key question of how much data is needed to reliably predict the impact of pumping reductions. Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of a simple water balance‐based approach for predicting the near‐term impact of changes in total pumping on changes in average water levels for areas ranging in size from 256 to 21,600 km2 in the High Plains aquifer (HPA) in the state of Kansas in the central U.S. This method shows considerable promise as a management tool in the Kansas HPA and potentially other highly stressed aquifers. However, one characteristic that sets the Kansas HPA apart from many other aquifers is an abundance of data on both water levels, from a decades‐old annual water level measurement program, and annual pumping volumes, due to reporting requirements and regulatory oversight. Most regions will have considerably less information. This study investigates the impact of more limited data availability through random subsampling of the water level and water use data sets from Groundwater Management District 4 (GMD4) in northwest Kansas and GMD5 in south‐central Kansas. The results indicate that accurate estimates of net inflow and specific yield, the key parameters needed to predict near‐term aquifer responses to proposed pumping reductions, can be obtained with much sparser water level and water use data than are available in the Kansas HPA, as long as the data are not systematically biased.