Pathways of Pelagic Connectivity: Eukrohnia hamata (Chaetognatha) in the Arctic Ocean
Pathways of Pelagic Connectivity: Eukrohnia hamata (Chaetognatha) in the Arctic Ocean
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2020.00396
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发表时间：
2020-06-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bucklin, Ann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DeHart, Hayley M.;Blanco-Bercial, Leocadio;Bucklin, Ann
北极海洋的戏剧性变暖将以复杂的方式影响上层生态系统，包括改变物种分布和丰度的模式，改变迁移途径和人口连通性。浮游动物组合中的门藻（箭头蠕虫）的物种丰富，并且是高效的捕食者，在骨膜食物网中具有关键作用。它们是对气候变化对海洋生态系统的影响的有用指标。这项研究基于来自地理，测深的六个区域的采样，研究了Chaetognath，Eukrohnia hamata的种群遗传多样性，结构和连通性，以及流经北极海洋的主要电流。分析了131个标本的线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I（MTCOI）的528碱基对测序区域，导致78个单倍型和非常高的单倍型多样性。 MTCOI单倍型频率的分析没有提供人口遗传结构的证据。通过两倍消化的限制位置相关的消化（DDRAD）从相同标本中检测到的基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）证实了该区域之间的高水平基因流量，但支持了两个人群群集的遗传独特性：大西洋 - 极 - 和太平洋和太平洋 - 阿尔西奇与阿西奇 - 阿西奇。删除受到选择的SNP导致三个簇的概率稍高，并提出了局部适应Hamata区域种群的可能性。比较分析表明，有证据表明，SNP的子集随机选择可能受到不同的生态和（微观）进化驱动因素的影响，可能会导致簇的数量和分布模式明显差异以及F统计量的相关变化。使用SNP对种群连通性的分析支持了从大西洋到太平洋北极地区的流动途径。
The dramatic warming of the Arctic Ocean will impact pelagic ecosystems in complex ways, including shifting patterns of species distribution and abundance, and altering migration pathways and population connectivity. Species of the Phylum Chaetognatha (arrow worms) are abundant in the zooplankton assemblage and are highly effective predators, with key roles in pelagic food webs. They are useful indicator species for impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. This study examined the population genetic diversity, structure and connectivity of the chaetognath, Eukrohnia hamata, based on sampling from six regions defined by geography, bathymetry, and major currents flowing through the Arctic Ocean. A 528-base pair sequenced region of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) analyzed for 131 specimens resulted in 78 haplotypes and very high haplotype diversity. Analysis of mtCOI haplotype frequencies provided no evidence of population genetic structure. Genomic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) detected from the same specimens by doubledigest Restriction-site Associated Digestion (ddRAD) confirmed high levels of gene flow among the regions, but supported the genetic distinctiveness of two population clusters: Atlantic-Arctic versus Pacific-Arctic. Removal of SNPs subject to selection resulted in slightly higher probability of three clusters, and suggested the possibility of local adaptation of regional populations of E. hamata. Comparative analysis revealed evidence that random selection of subsets of SNPs, perhaps impacted by different ecological and (micro) evolutionary drivers, can result in marked differences in numbers and distributional patterns of clusters and associated variation in F-statistics. Analysis of population connectivity using SNPs supported the primary migration pathway via flow from the Atlantic to the Pacific Arctic regions.