Hydrothermal pits in the biogenic sediments of the equatorial Pacific Ocean
Hydrothermal pits in the biogenic sediments of the equatorial Pacific Ocean
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DOI：
10.1029/2006gc001501
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发表时间：
2007-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. C. Moore;N. Mitchell;M. Lyle;J. Backman;H. Pälike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. C. Moore;N. Mitchell;M. Lyle;J. Backman;H. Pälike
最近对赤道太平洋的一次考察利用测绘条带图成像和高分辨率地震剖面对超过 60,000 平方公里的海底进行了勘察。这项调查揭示了生物沉积物中常见的大坑，这些坑通常与基底高点有关。这些坑的直径可达几公里，深度约为 50 m - 100 m。它们在海底被发现，年龄从 15 Ma 到 55 Ma，上覆沉积物厚度达 500 m。我们将它们的起源与热液排放联系起来，这些热液排放是通过基底高点上的差异压实和压裂以及穿透上覆沉积物的基底断层形成的管道而产生的。尽管碳酸盐溶解可能与坑的形成有关，但它们的出现与目前的方解石补偿深度（CCD）没有一致的关系。
A recent expedition to the equatorial Pacific surveyed over 60,000 km2 of seafloor using swath map imaging and high‐resolution seismic profiling. This survey revealed the common occurrence of large pits in the biogenic sediments that are usually associated with basement highs. The pits range in size up to a few kilometers across and are on the order of 50 m – 100 m deep. They were found on seafloor ranging in age from 15 Ma to 55 Ma, with overlying sediment cover up to 500 m thick. We link their origin with hydrothermal discharge through conduits created by differential compaction and fracturing over basement highs and by basement faulting that penetrates the overlying sediments. Although carbonate dissolution is likely to be associated with the formation of the pits, their occurrence shows no consistent relationship with the present calcite compensation depth (CCD).