Study of CO2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry based on economic input–output life cycle assessment
Study of CO2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry based on economic input–output life cycle assessment
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DOI：
10.1007/s11069-015-2114-y
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Li Li-Li;Yalin Lei;Dongyang Pan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li Li-Li;Yalin Lei;Dongyang Pan
随着需求的增长，中国钢铁工业自20世纪90年代以来得到了快速发展。2003年，中国钢铁产量首次达到2.2亿吨，成为世界上第一个年产量超过2亿吨的国家。钢铁是一个高能耗、高污染、高排放的行业，引起了中国政府的高度关注。以往的研究估计了钢铁生产各个过程的直接二氧化碳排放量，而对钢铁工业相关部门的间接二氧化碳排放量的研究很少。本文基于2010年投入产出延拓表和2011年《中国能源统计年鉴》的最新数据，构建经济投入产出生命周期评价（EIO-LCA）模型，对钢铁工业的直接和间接碳排放及碳减排进行了评估，以探索整个co2排放。结果表明，焦炭和煤炭产生的直接二氧化碳排放量最大，而在钢铁行业35个行业中，原料、医疗和化纤制造、运输仓储和邮电业、电热生产和供应业、非金属矿产生产、焦炭石油加工和核燃料加工、煤炭开采和选矿是间接二氧化碳排放量最大的6个行业。基于研究结果，我们建议中国应(1)提高焦煤质量，提高焦煤效率、配煤技术和焦炭强度，利用废钢或城市矿产作为主要原料进行生产，同时政府和企业可加大对技术创新的投入；(2)并采用高强度的钢铁代替普通的。同时，六大板块的空间分布主要集中在山东省、江苏省、浙江省和山西省。山东、江苏、浙江、山西四省可通过提高第三产业比重、加快发展高新技术产业和服务业等方式调整产业结构。
With the growing demand, China’s iron and steel industry has obtained rapid development since the 1990s. China’s steel output reached 220 million tons for the first time in 2003, becoming the first country whose annual production exceeded 200 million tons. The iron and steel is an industry of high energy consumption, high pollution and high emissions which has attracted deep concern of Chinese government. Previous research has estimated the direct CO2emissions in individual processes of iron and steel production, while research on the indirect CO2emissions from the related sectors of the iron and steel industry is scarce. To explore the whole CO2emissions, this paper evaluates the direct and indirect carbon emissions in the iron and steel industry and carbon emission deduction by building an economic input–output life cycle assessment (EIO-LCA) model based on the latest available data of the input–output extension table in 2010 and China’s Energy Statistical Yearbook in 2011. The results show that coke and coal produce the most direct CO2emissions and raw chemical materials, medical and chemical fiber manufacturing, transportation storage and the postal industry, the electricity heat production and supply industry, nonmetal mineral production, petroleum processing of coke and nuclear fuel processing, coal mining and dressing are the six sectors that produce the largest indirect CO2emissions among the 35 sectors in the iron and steel industry. Based on the results, we suggest that China should (1) improve the quality of coke and coal, increase the efficiency of coke and coal, coal blending technology and the cokes’ strength, and employ the scrap or cities’ minerals as main raw materials in the production, and at the same time, the government and enterprises may increase to invest in technology innovation; (2) and use high-strength iron and steel instead of the ordinary one. Meanwhile, the spatial distributions of the six sectors are mainly concentrated in Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province and Shanxi Province. Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province and Shanxi Province may adjust their industrial structure by increasing the proportion of the third industry and accelerating the development of high-tech industries and services.