Aqueous dispersions of oligomer-grafted carbon nanomaterials with controlled surface charge and minimal framework damage.
Aqueous dispersions of oligomer-grafted carbon nanomaterials with controlled surface charge and minimal framework damage.
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DOI：
10.1039/c4fd00116h
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Shaffer MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu S;Chen S;Menzel R;Goode AD;Ryan MP;Porter AE;Shaffer MS
功能化碳纳米材料（CNMs）具有完好的碳框架和可控的物理化学性质，是广泛的科学研究和商业应用所需要的。热化学接枝方法的使用提供了一种多功能的方法来功能化多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）和炭黑（CB）纳米颗粒，而不改变其固有结构。采用不同类型的接枝单体研究了功能化过程；为了提高水的溶解度，选择了引入离子性质的试剂，要么是内在的，要么是经过进一步的化学反应。通过热重分析（TGA）确定，MWCNTs和CB的接枝度范围为3 - 27wt %。拉曼光谱证实了MWNTs的结构框架不受热化学处理的影响。表面改性的有效性通过显著改善在水中的分散性和稳定性来证明，并通过泽塔电位分析进一步量化。稳定的、个性化的接枝MWNTs在水中的浓度为30至80µg mL - 1，而功能化的CB （CB）在10000 g离心15分钟后，在水中的分散性提高到~460µg mL - 1。成功制备了结构相同但功能不同的纳米颗粒板，具有高水相容性和最小的框架损伤，可用于控制实验。例如，它们可用于探索毒理学效应与特定物理化学性质（如表面电荷和几何形状）之间的关系。
Functionalised carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), with an undamaged carbon framework and controlled physiochemical properties, are desirable for a wide range of scientific studies and commercial applications. The use of a thermochemical grafting approach provides a versatile means to functionalise both multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles without altering their inherent structure. The functionalisation process was investigated by employing various types of grafting monomers; to improve water solubility, reagents were chosen that introduced ionic character either intrinsically or after further chemical reaction. The degree of grafting for both MWCNTs and CB ranged from 3 to 27 wt%, as established by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the structural framework of the MWNTs was unaffected by the thermochemical treatment. The effectiveness of the surface modification was demonstrated by significantly improved dispersibility and stability in water, and further quantified by zeta-potential analysis. The concentration of stable, individualised, grafted MWNTs in water ranged from 30 to 80 µg mL−1, whereas functionalised CB (CB) in water showed improved dispersibility up to ~460 µg mL−1 after centrifugation at 10, 000 g for 15 minutes. The successful preparation of structurally identical but differently functionalised nanoparticles panels, with high water compatibility and minimal framework damage, are useful for controlled experiments. For example, they can be used to explore the relationship between toxicological effects and specific physiochemical properties, such as surface charge and geometry.