A FOCUS THEORY OF NORMATIVE CONDUCT - RECYCLING THE CONCEPT OF NORMS TO REDUCE LITTERING IN PUBLIC PLACES
A FOCUS THEORY OF NORMATIVE CONDUCT - RECYCLING THE CONCEPT OF NORMS TO REDUCE LITTERING IN PUBLIC PLACES
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015
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发表时间：
1990-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
KALLGREN, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CIALDINI, RB;RENO, RR;KALLGREN, CA
过去的研究在社会科学家中产生了不同的支持，以解释人类行为的社会规范的效用。我们认为，规范确实对人类行为产生了重大影响，但是，只有当研究人员（a）将两种类型的规范分开时，这种影响才能得到正确的认识-强制性规范（大多数人赞成或不赞成）和描述性规范（大多数人所做的）-以及（B）将学生的注意力主要集中在正在研究的规范类型上。在5个自然情境中，将学生的注意力集中在关于乱扔垃圾的描述性规范或命令性规范上，导致学生的乱扔垃圾决定只在雅阁当时更突出的规范类型的支配下改变。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
Past research has generated mixed support among social scientists for the utility of social norms in accounting for human behavior. We argue that norms do have a substantial impact on human action; however, the impact can only be properly recognized when researchers (a) separate 2 types of norms that at times act antagonistically in a situation—injunctive norms (what most others approve or disapprove) and descriptive norms (what most others do)—and (b) focus Ss' attention principally on the type of norm being studied. In 5 natural settings, focusing Ss on either the descriptive norms or the injunctive norms regarding littering caused the Ss' littering decisions to change only in accord with the dictates of the then more salient type of norm.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)