Missed opportunities to advance knowledge on traffic safety: Accessibility of driver licensing and crash data for scientific research.
Missed opportunities to advance knowledge on traffic safety: Accessibility of driver licensing and crash data for scientific research.
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错过了提高交通安全知识的机会：驾驶执照和碰撞数据的可获取性以用于科学研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2020.105500
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Curry,AllisonE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carey,MeghanE;Anderson,EvanD;Mansour,Rania;Sloan,Jason;Curry,AllisonE
可识别的个人驾驶执照和机动车碰撞数据对于推进交通安全研究至关重要。然而，使用这些数据的流行病学研究很少，这可能反映了它们的不可访问性。我们进行了一项法律的映射研究，以评估美国各州法律对获取驾驶执照和机动车碰撞数据进行监管，以用于科学研究。Methods法律的法规对美国所有50个州和哥伦比亚特区（D.C.）的驾驶执照和机动车碰撞数据的发布进行监管被找回了法律的文本进行了评估，以确定这些司法管辖区是否授权释放可识别的个人层面的许可和崩溃数据用于非政府research.ResultsThirty-six国家和哥伦比亚特区明确授权释放可识别的个人层面的许可数据的研究人员。只有五个州和华盛顿特区授权公布可识别的个人级别的撞车记录。没有一个州明确禁止发布有关许可记录的个人级别数据，只有三个州禁止发布个人级别的碰撞记录数据，这意味着在许多州，是否以及何时允许向研究人员发布此类数据是模糊的。结论鉴于许多州的法律允许非-政府研究人员。改革州法律，以澄清和增加可识别的个人层面的碰撞报告数据的访问是运输安全倡导者和研究人员的一个重要优先事项。
ObjectiveIdentifiable individual-level driver licensing and motor vehicle crash data are essential to advancing transportation safety research. However, epidemiologic studies using such data are rare, which may reflect their inaccessibility. We conducted a legal mapping study to evaluate US state laws regulating access to driver licensing and motor vehicle crash data for use in scientific research.MethodsLegal statutes regulating the release of driver licensing and motor vehicle crash data for all 50 US states and the District of Columbia (D.C.) were retrieved. Legal text was evaluated to determine whether these jurisdictions authorize release of identifiable individual-level licensing and crash data for use in non-governmental research.ResultsThirty-six states and D.C. explicitly authorize release of identifiable individual-level licensing data to researchers. Only five states and D.C. authorize release of identifiable individual-level crash records. No states explicitly prohibit the release of individual-level data about licensing records and only three states prohibit release of individual-level crash record data, meaning that in many states it is ambiguous whether and when releasing such data to researchers is permitted.ConclusionsIt is important to understand why licensing data are not used more frequently in transportation safety research given that many state laws permit access for non-governmental researchers. Reforming state laws to clarify and increase access to identifiable individual-level crash report data is an important priority for transportation safety advocates and researchers.