The banana (Musa acuminata) genome and the evolution of monocotyledonous plants
The banana (Musa acuminata) genome and the evolution of monocotyledonous plants
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DOI：
10.1038/nature11241
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发表时间：
2012-08-09
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Wincker, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Hont, Angelique;Denoeud, France;Wincker, Patrick
香蕉（Musa spp.），包括甜点和烹饪类型，是巨大的多年生单子叶草本植物，属于Zingiberales目，是研究得很充分的Poales（包括谷物）的姐妹组。香蕉对许多热带和亚热带国家的粮食安全至关重要，也是工业化国家最受欢迎的水果(1)。Musa的驯化过程始于大约7000年前的东南亚。它包括不同物种和亚种之间的杂交，在人类迁徙的促进下(2)，以及二倍体和三倍体无籽、孤雌杂种的选择，然后通过无性繁殖广泛传播。目前一半的产量依赖于来自单一三倍体基因型（卡文迪什）的体细胞无性系(1)。病虫害已逐渐适应，对全球香蕉生产构成迫在眉睫的危险（3,4）。本文描述了一种香蕉双单倍体基因型523兆碱基的基因组草图序列，为香蕉的遗传改良提供了重要的基础。我们在Musa谱系中检测到三轮全基因组重复，独立于先前在Poales谱系和我们在Arecales谱系中检测到的重复。这是Poales以外报道的第一个单子叶高连续性全基因组序列，为植物基因组比较分析提供了重要的桥梁。因此，它澄清了commellia -单子叶的系统发育关系，揭示了poacae的特异性特征，并导致发现了早于单子叶-真子叶分化的保守非编码序列。
Bananas (Musa spp.), including dessert and cooking types, are giant perennial monocotyledonous herbs of the order Zingiberales, a sister group to the well-studied Poales, which include cereals. Bananas are vital for food security in many tropical and subtropical countries and the most popular fruit in industrialized countries(1). The Musa domestication process started some 7,000 years ago in Southeast Asia. It involved hybridizations between diverse species and subspecies, fostered by human migrations(2), and selection of diploid and triploid seedless, parthenocarpic hybrids thereafter widely dispersed by vegetative propagation. Half of the current production relies on somaclones derived from a single triploid genotype (Cavendish)(1). Pests and diseases have gradually become adapted, representing an imminent danger for global banana production(3,4). Here we describe the draft sequence of the 523-megabase genome of a Musa acuminata doubled-haploid genotype, providing a crucial stepping-stone for genetic improvement of banana. We detected three rounds of whole-genome duplications in the Musa lineage, independently of those previously described in the Poales lineage and the one we detected in the Arecales lineage. This first monocotyledon high-continuity whole-genome sequence reported outside Poales represents an essential bridge for comparative genome analysis in plants. As such, it clarifies commelinid-monocotyledon phylogenetic relationships, reveals Poaceae-specific features and has led to the discovery of conserved noncoding sequences predating monocotyledon-eudicotyledon divergence.