Marine aerosol as a possible source for endotoxins in coastal areas
Marine aerosol as a possible source for endotoxins in coastal areas
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.054
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发表时间：
2014-11-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Rudich, Yinon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lang-Yona, Naama;Lehahn, Yoav;Rudich, Yinon
在人口密集的沿海城市和社区中非常常见的海洋气溶胶可能含有生物成分。其中一些海洋气溶胶的生物组分，如蓝藻和浮游生物碎片，在吸入后可能通过炎症和过敏反应影响人类健康。在这项研究中，我们确定并比较了在岸上和内陆地区的过滤器上取样的内毒素来源。过滤分析包括内毒素含量、总细菌、革兰氏阴性菌和蓝藻基因组浓度以及离子含量，以确定内毒素的可能来源。利用叶绿素-a水平的卫星图像和反轨迹分析进一步研究了海洋中的蓝藻华，接近采样空气的轨迹。内毒素浓度在冬季最高（3.23 +/- 0.17 EU/m(3)），蓝藻基因组最高（1065.5基因组/m(3)）。升高的内毒素浓度与蓝藻水平（r = 0.90）以及叶绿素-a （r = 0.96）显著相关。深入内陆采样的过滤器显示内毒素与蓝藻之间的相关性较低且不显著（r = 0.70， P值= 0.19），表明海洋来源的内毒素减少，可能来自其他来源的革兰氏阴性非蓝藻。我们得出的结论是，海洋蓝藻可能是沿海地区内毒素水平升高的主要原因。(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Marine aerosols, that are very common in the highly populated coastal cities and communities, may contain biological constituents. Some of this biological fraction of marine aerosols, such as cyanobacteria and plankton debris, may influence human health by inflammation and allergic reactions when inhaled. In this study we identify and compare sources for endotoxins sampled on filters in an on-shore and more-inland site. Filter analysis included endotoxin content, total bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and cyanobacteria genome concentrations as well as ion content in order to identify possible sources for the endotoxins. Satellite images of chlorophyll-a levels and back trajectory analysis were used to further study the cyanobacteria blooms in the sea, close to the trajectory of the sampled air. The highest endotoxin concentrations found in the shoreline site were during winter (3.23 +/- 0.17 EU/m(3)), together with the highest cyanobacteria genome (1065.5 genome/m(3)). The elevated endotoxin concentrations were significantly correlated with cyanobacterial levels scaled to the presence of marine aerosol (r = 0.90), as well as to chlorophyll-a (r = 0.96). Filters sampled further inland showed lower and non-significant correlation between endotoxin and cyanobacteria (r = 0.70, P value = 0.19), suggesting decrease in marine-originated endotoxin, with possible contributions from other sources of gram-negative non-cyanobacteria. We conclude that marine cyanobacteria may be a dominant contributor to elevated endotoxin levels in coastal areas. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.