Novel enzymes for the degradation of cellulose.

Novel enzymes for the degradation of cellulose.
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DOI:
10.1186/1754-6834-5-45
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发表时间:
2012-07-02
影响因子:
6.3
通讯作者:
Eijsink VG
Eijsink VG
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Horn SJ;Vaaje-Kolstad G;Westereng B;Eijsink VG

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未来生物经济中的大宗陆地生物质资源将是木质纤维素类生物质,这是一种资源稀缺、加工难度大的生物质资源。酶法转化木质纤维素生物质中的多糖将是未来生物炼制的关键技术,该技术目前是深入研究的主题。纤维素是木质纤维素生物质中含量最丰富、最均一、最难降解的多糖,本文介绍了纤维素酶转化技术的最新进展。特别是,我们专注于最近发现的一种新类型的酶,目前被归类为CBM 33和GH 61,催化氧化裂解的多糖。这些酶通过作用于不溶性底物的表面来提高经典水解酶(纤维素酶)的效率,在不溶性底物的表面上,它们在多糖链中引入链断裂,而不需要首先将这些链从它们的结晶基质中“提取”。
The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first “extracting” these chains from their crystalline matrix.
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