Economics and Politics of Rice Policy in Japan: A Perspective on the Uruguay Round
Economics and Politics of Rice Policy in Japan: A Perspective on the Uruguay Round
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日本稻米政策的经济学和政治：乌拉圭回合的视角
DOI：
10.3386/w5341
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Godo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Hayami;Y. Godo
本文回顾了日本大米市场开放的近期问题，并从经济和政治角度评价了日本政府的大米政策。日本政府在关贸总协定乌拉圭回合农产品贸易谈判中极力抵制日本大米市场开放。最终，通过增加“最低准入”进口配额的形式，日本大米免于关税。然而，最终协议的关税化规则保证进口国可以征收相当高的关税。因此，如果日本政府接受关税化协议，日本大米进口量可能会减少。回想起来，日本政府的决策虽然有效保护了国内大米流通体系的既得利益，但也阻碍了日本大米产业的结构性改善。
This paper reviews the recent problems of the opening of Japan's rice market and evaluates the Japanese government's rice policy from both an economic and political viewpoint. The Japanese government made strenuous resistance to the opening of Japan's rice market during the negotiations on agricultural trade at the GATT Uruguay Round. Eventually Japan's rice was made exempt from tariffication by compensating in the form of increased 'minimum access' import quotas. However, the tariffication rule of the final agreement guarantees that importing countries can impose considerably high tariffs. Thus, the volume of Japan's rice imports could be decreased if the Japanese government accepted the tariffication agreement. In retrospect the decisions made by the Japanese government have effectively protected the vested interests of the domestic rice distribution system, while hindering the structural improvement of the Japanese rice industry.