Bendiocarb, a potential alternative against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae in Benin, West Africa
Bendiocarb, a potential alternative against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae in Benin, West Africa
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-9-204
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发表时间：
2010-07-14
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Yadouleton, Anges
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akogbeto, Martin C.;Padonou, Gil Germain;Yadouleton, Anges
背景资料：冈比亚按蚊是贝宁的主要疟疾病媒，对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂产生了高度抗药性，这对今后使用长效驱虫蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒是一个严重关切。在这种情况下，疟疾病媒控制的一个可用途径是研究具有与拟除虫菊酯不同作用模式的替代杀虫剂。本研究的目的是在田间条件下评价氨基甲酸酯（恶虫威）和有机磷（杀螟硫磷）对拟除虫菊酯抗性An的效力。方法：来自5日龄冈比亚按蚊实验室群体的野生种群和雌性。在本研究期间对冈比亚进行了生物测定。两种拟除虫菊酯（溴氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯），有机磷（杀螟松），氨基甲酸酯（bendiocarb）和有机磷（毒死蜱+拟除虫菊酯溴氰菊酯）的混合物进行了比较，在实验小屋作为IRS治疗。使用手动压缩喷雾器在小屋中施用杀虫剂。结果表明，这些杀虫剂对棉铃虫的驱避作用、外亲性、吸血率和死亡率均高于对照。结果：与未处理的小屋相比，溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯和恶虫威处理显著减少了蚊子进入小屋（p < 0.05）。杀螟硫磷和毒死蜱/溴氰菊酯混剂处理3个月后，吸血率分别由10.95%降至3.7%和4.47%，处理4个月后，吸血率由10.20%降至4.4%和2.04%。溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯和毒死蜱/溴氰菊酯混剂处理的小屋，其外亲率显著高于杀螟松处理的小屋。溴氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的致死率最低，杀螟松的致死率为100%。冈比亚（第一个月）和77.8%（第四个月）。杀螟硫磷、恶虫威和毒死蜱/溴氰菊酯混剂对抗药性按蚊的第1个月死亡率为97.9 ~ 100%，第3个月死亡率为77.7 ~ 88%。这些结果表明，可建议将恶虫威作为一种有效的杀虫剂用于贝宁的室内滞留喷洒作业，特别是因为毒死蜱/溴氰菊酯混合物没有世界卫生组织环境保护方案的授权，而且睡眠者提到了对杀螟硫磷安全性和气味的投诉。
Background: Anopheles gambiae, the main malaria vector in Benin has developed high level of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, which is a serious concern to the future use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). In this context, one of the pathways available for malaria vector control would be to investigate alternative classes of insecticides with different mode of action than that of pyrethroids. The goal of this study was to evaluate under field conditions the efficacy of a carbamate (bendiocarb) and an organophosphate (fenitrothion) against pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s.Methods: Wild populations and females from laboratory colonies of five days old An. gambiae were bio-assayed during this study. Two pyrethroids (deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin), an organophosphate (fenitrothion), a carbamate (bendiocarb) and a mixture of an organophosphate (chlorpyriphos + a pyrethroid deltamethrin) were compared in experimental huts as IRS treatments. Insecticides were applied in the huts using a hand-operated compression sprayer. The deterrency, exophily, blood feeding rate and mortality induced by these insecticides against An. gambiae were compared to the untreated control huts.Results: Deltamethrin, alphacypermethrin and bendiocarb treatment significantly reduced mosquito entry into the huts (p < 0.05) compared to untreated huts. Blood feeding rates in huts treated with fenitrothion and the mixture chlorpyriphos/deltamethrin were reduced from 10.95% respectively to 3.7% and 4.47% three months after treatment and from 10.20% to 4.4% and 2.04% four months after treatment. Exophily rates in huts with deltamethrin, alphacypermethrin and the mixture chlorpyriphos/ deltamethrin were significantly higher than in the huts with fenitrothion. Deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin had the lowest mortality rate while fenitrothion killed 100% of An. gambiae (in the first month) and 77.8% (in the fourth month). Bendiocarb and the mixture chlorpyriphos/ deltamethrin mortality rates ranged from 97.9 to 100% the first month and 77.7-88% the third month respectively.Conclusion: After four months, fenitrothion, bendiocarb and the mixture chlorpyriphos/ deltamethrin performed effectively against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles. These results showed that bendiocarb could be recommended as an effective insecticide for use in IRS operations in Benin, particularly as the mixture chlorpyriphos/ deltamethrin does not have WHOPES authorization and complaints were mentioned by the sleepers about the safety and smell of fenitrothion.