Gradients of mammalian biodiversity through space and time
Gradients of mammalian biodiversity through space and time
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DOI：
10.1093/jmammal/gyz024
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
R. Stevens;R. J. Rowe;C. Badgley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Stevens;R. J. Rowe;C. Badgley
哺乳动物的生物多样性表现出强烈的地理梯度，与物理环境(生境、面积、气候和地形)的变化相对应，并反映了数千年来展开的生物地理过程。在这些格局中，主要是物种-面积关系，以及纬度、海拔和地形梯度。我们回顾了今天和地质时期的哺乳动物组合的这些梯度。当代的渐变在很大程度上是一般性的。尽管如此，大陆哺乳动物动物群不同系统发育和生态亚组的差异说明了生物多样性梯度的多因素、历史性质，包括分支的多样化历史、支持具有不同生态特征的物种的资源的变化以及随着时间的推移而发生的景观变化。因此，今后的工作应将现代和历史的分类丰富性模式与大陆动物群不同支系和生态亚群的系统发育和功能多样性结合起来。全球气候和土地利用的变化正在破坏生物地理格局的完整性。来自哺乳动物生物多样性梯度研究的见解应该解决在一个快速变化的世界中保护的挑战。
Mammalian biodiversity exhibits strong geographic gradients that correspond to variation in the physical environment (habitat, area, climate, and landforms) and reflect biogeographic processes that have unfolded over millennia. Principal among these patterns are the species–area relationship, as well as latitudinal, elevational, and topographic gradients. We review these gradients for mammalian assemblages of today and over geologic time. Contemporary gradients are for the most part general. Nonetheless, variation across different phylogenetic and ecological subsets of continental mammalian faunas illuminates the multifactorial, historical nature of biodiversity gradients in terms of the diversification history of clades, variation in resources that support species with different ecological traits, and changes in landscapes over time. Accordingly, future work should integrate modern and historical patterns of taxonomic richness with phylogenetic and functional diversity of different clades and ecological subsets of continental faunas. Changes in global climate and land use are disrupting the integrity of biogeographic patterns. Insights from the study of gradients of mammalian biodiversity should address the challenges of conservation in a rapidly changing world.