A chromosome-level genome of the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum identifies the genomic basis of host-switching
A chromosome-level genome of the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum identifies the genomic basis of host-switching
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DOI：
10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110638
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发表时间：
2022-04-05
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Hu, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Fang;Yang, Wenbin;Hu, Wei
由于缺乏全基因组数据，日本血吸虫是一种导致人类血吸虫病的人畜共患寄生虫，其进化和适应仍不清楚。我们构建了染色体水平的日本血吸虫基因组，并与代表整个流行地区 6 个种群的 72 个样本一起进行分析。我们观察到台湾的嗜兽性谱系在 45,000 年前就从人畜共患病种群中分裂出来，这与中间宿主的不同历史一致。有趣的是，我们发现日本血吸虫存在严重的种群瓶颈，这在很大程度上与末次盛冰期亚洲人类历史相一致。我们确定了自然选择背后的几个基因组区域，包括 GATAD2A 和 Lmln，它们在不同区域之间都显示出显着的差异。 RNAi 敲除表明 GATAD2A 与终宿主中寄生虫的发育和感染有关，而 Lmln 与中间宿主的特异性有关。我们的研究提供了对日本血吸虫进化的见解，并可作为进一步研究的资源。
The evolution and adaptation of S. japonicum, a zoonotic parasite that causes human schistosomiasis, remain unclear because of the lack of whole-genome data. We construct a chromosome-level S. japonicum genome and analyze it together with 72 samples representing six populations of the entire endemic region. We observe a Taiwan zoophilic lineage splitting from zoonotic populations = 45,000 years ago, consistent with the divergent history of their intermediate hosts. Interestingly, we detect a severe population bottleneck in S. japonicum, largely coinciding with human history in Asia during the last glacial maximum. We identify several genomic regions underlying natural selection, including GATAD2A and Lmln, both showing remarkable differentiation among different areas. RNAi knockdown suggests association of GATAD2A with parasite development and infection in definitive hosts, while Lmln relates to the specificity of the intermediate hosts. Our study provides insights into the evolution of S. japonicum and serves as a resource for further studies.