The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation: High-resolution laser ranging of the Earth's forests and topography
The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation: High-resolution laser ranging of the Earth's forests and topography
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DOI：
10.1016/j.srs.2020.100002
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Silva, Carlos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dubayah, Ralph;Blair, James Bryan;Silva, Carlos
获得对地球森林垂直结构的准确和广泛的测量一直是生态界长期追求的目标。这些观测对于准确评估森林现有生物量，以及人类活动或气候变化引起的生物量变化可能如何影响大气二氧化碳浓度至关重要。此外，森林的三维结构是地方和区域范围内生境质量和生物多样性的关键组成部分。全球生态系统动力学调查于2018年底发射到国际空间站，以提供北纬51.6度和S纬度之间的温带和热带森林森林垂直结构的高质量测量。GEDI仪器是一种测地级激光高度计/波形激光雷达，由3个激光组成，产生8个结构信息断面。在其两年的名义寿命内，GEDI预计将以25米的足迹分辨率提供超过100亿个波形。这些数据将用于得出各种足迹和网格产品，包括树冠高度、树冠叶轮廓、叶面积指数(LAI)、树冠下地形和生物量。此外，来自GEDI的数据被用来证明其测量在预测生态系统建模、习性和生物多样性研究以及使用雷达和其他遥感仪器进行融合方面的有效性。GEDI科学和技术是独一无二的：没有创建其他专门针对恢复植被垂直结构进行优化的天基任务。因此，GEDI承诺促进我们对树冠垂直变化在基于结构、组成和功能的生态范例中的重要性的理解。
Obtaining accurate and widespread measurements of the vertical structure of the Earth's forests has been a long-sought goal for the ecological community. Such observations are critical for accurately assessing the existing biomass of forests, and how changes in this biomass caused by human activities or variations in climate may impact atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Additionally, the three-dimensional structure of forests is a key component of habitat quality and biodiversity at local to regional scales. The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) was launched to the International Space Station in late 2018 to provide high-quality measurements of forest vertical structure in temperate and tropical forests between 51.6 degrees N & S latitude. The GEDI instrument is a geodetic-class laser altimeter/waveform lidar comprised of 3 lasers that produce 8 transects of structural information. Over its two-year nominal lifetime GEDI is anticipated to provide over 10 billion waveforms at a footprint resolution of 25 m. These data will be used to derive a variety of footprint and gridded products, including canopy height, canopy foliar profiles, Leaf Area Index (LAI), sub-canopy topography and biomass. Additionally, data from GEDI are used to demonstrate the efficacy of its measurements for prognostic ecosystem modeling, habit and biodiversity studies, and for fusion using radar and other remote sensing instruments. GEDI science and technology are unique: no other space-based mission has been created that is specifically optimized for retrieving vegetation vertical structure. As such, GEDI promises to advance our understanding of the importance of canopy vertical variations within an ecological paradigm based on structure, composition and function.