Decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in preadolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in preadolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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DOI：
10.1007/s00702-007-0814-5
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Steinhausen, H. -C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drechsler, R.;Rizzo, P.;Steinhausen, H. -C.
不恰当的冒险和不利的决策已被描述为注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患者的主要行为特征。然而，这些行为很难在实验室环境中衡量，而且最近的研究得出了不一致的结果，这可能与任务特点有关。这项研究采用了骰子游戏任务，这是一种测试程序，在该测试程序中，风险是明确的，工作记忆的负荷最小。因此，与正常对照组(N=24)相比，患有ADHD的青少年(N=23)做出的选择风险明显更高，并遭受了重大金钱损失，但只有当他们第二次玩游戏时才会这样做。冒险行为的差异与父母评定的多动症和抑制性控制显著相关，但与工作记忆表现无关。这些结果是在当前ADHD理论的背景下讨论的。
Inappropriate risk-taking and disadvantageous decision-making have been described as major behavioural characteristics of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However these behaviours are difficult to measure in laboratory contexts and recent studies have yielded inconsistent results which might be related to task characteristics. The present study adopted the Game of Dice Task, a test procedure in which risks are made explicit and the load on working memory is minimal. As a result, preadolescents with ADHD (N = 23) made significantly more risky choices and suffered major losses of money compared to normal controls (N = 24) but only when they played the game a second time. Differences in risk-taking correlated significantly with hyperactivity as rated by parents and with inhibitory control, but not with working memory performance. The results are discussed in the context of current theories of ADHD.