Laminarin elicits defense responses in grapevine and induces protection against Botrytis cinerea and Plasmopara viticola
Laminarin elicits defense responses in grapevine and induces protection against Botrytis cinerea and Plasmopara viticola
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DOI：
10.1094/mpmi.2003.16.12.1118
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Pugin, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aziz, A;Poinssot, B;Pugin, A
葡萄藤（Vittis vinifera L.）对灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）、葡萄生霜霉病（Plasmopara viticola）、葡萄钩丝壳（Uncinula necator）和宽叶实蝇（Eutypa lata）等多种病原菌敏感。在葡萄园中广泛使用植物化学物质来限制病原体的感染，但是耐农药的病原体菌株的出现和保护环境的愿望要求找到替代策略。在本研究中，来自褐藻海带的β-1，3-葡聚糖海带多糖被证明是葡萄藤细胞和植物防御反应的有效激发子，并有效地减少B。受感染葡萄藤植物上的灰霉病和葡萄生疫霉菌的发育。海带多糖在葡萄藤细胞中引起的防御反应包括钙内流、细胞外介质的碱化、氧化爆发、两种促分裂原活化蛋白激酶的活化、具有不同动力学和强度的10种防御相关基因的表达、几丁质酶和β-1，3-葡聚糖酶活性的增加以及两种植物抗毒素（白藜芦醇和ε-葡萄糖苷）的产生。这些影响中有几个是在整株植物中检查和确认的。海带多糖不诱导细胞死亡。当应用于葡萄藤植物时，海带多糖减少了B的感染。灰葡萄孢和葡萄生根瘤菌分别降低约55%和75%。我们的数据描述了一个大的防御反应在葡萄藤表明，激活防御反应，使用激发子可能是一个有价值的策略，以保护植物免受病原体。
Grapevine (Vittis vinifera L.) is susceptible to many pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, Plasmopara viticola, Uncinula necator, and Eutypa lata. Phytochemicals are used intensively in vineyards to limit pathogen infections, but the appearance of pesticide-resistant pathogen strains and a desire to protect the environment require that alternative strategies be found. In the present study, the, beta-1,3-glucan laminarin derived from the brown algae Laminaria digitata was shown both to be an efficient elicitor of defense responses in grapevine cells and plants and to effectively reduce B. cinerea and P viticola development on infected grapevine plants. Defense reactions elicited by laminarin in grapevine cells include calcium influx, alkalinization of the extracellular medium, an oxidative burst, activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, expression of 10 defense-related genes with, different kinetics and intensities, increases in chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase activities, and the production of two phytoalexins (resveratrol and epsilon-viniferin). Several of these effects were checked and confirmed in whole plants. Laminarin did not induce cell death. When applied to grapevine plants, laminarin reduced infection by B. cinerea and R viticola by approximately 55 and 75%, respectively. Our data describing a large set of defense reactions in grapevine indicate that the activation of defense responses using elicitors could be a valuable strategy to protect plants against pathogens.