THE ANATOMY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE ARTERIOVENOUS ANASTOMOSIS IN HUMAN DIGITAL SKIN
THE ANATOMY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE ARTERIOVENOUS ANASTOMOSIS IN HUMAN DIGITAL SKIN
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DOI：
10.1038/jid.1956.85
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发表时间：
1956-01-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
MORETTI, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MESCON, H;HURLEY, HJ;MORETTI, G
本文应用注射、组织学和组织化学技术对人手指皮肤的动静脉畸形（AVA）进行了研究。证实了文献中报告的描述。此外，AVA平滑肌在甲苯胺蓝中异染;小动脉平滑肌未显示该反应。AVA内皮下和所有血管管腔中的碱性磷酸酶中均观察到抗胰蛋白酶Schiff阳性染色。特异性胆碱酯酶仅见于AVA周围疏松的胶原网状结构。上皮细胞显示蛋白结合巯基、糖原和酸性磷酸酶阳性染色。在AVA中，第一种不确定存在;糖原和酸性磷酸酶不存在。似乎AVA的所谓“上皮样”细胞与真正的上皮没有化学亲和力。也许出于这个原因，“上皮样”这个词甚至应该作为一个描述性的术语被删除，也因为Popoff在连续切片中发现所谓的“上皮样”细胞实际上是大血管平滑肌细胞的横截面。由于没有弹性膜，AVA可以完全关闭。然而，在缺乏弹性膜的情况下，扩张的AVA的过度扩张（这可能会阻碍随后的收缩）可能会被大血管平滑肌细胞的膨压所阻止。由于血流的快速性，血管球不是点热源;相反，它们允许静脉丛的快速泛滥，静脉丛提供了一个表面，用于均匀的热扩散和局部区域的温度变化。
The arteriovenous anastomoses (AVA) in human digital skin were studied by means of injection, histological and histochemical techniques. The descriptions reported in the literature were confirmed. In addition the AVA smooth muscle was stained metachromatically in toluidine blue; this reaction was not shown by arteriolar smooth muscle. A diastase-resistant Schiff positive staining was seen in the AVA subendothelium and alkaline phosphatase in the lumen of all vessels. Specific cholinesterase was found only in the loose collagenous reticulum surrounding the AVA. Epithelial cells showed positive staining for protein-bound sulfhydryl, clycogen, and acid phosphatase. In the AVA the first was uncertainly present; glycogen, and acid phosphatalase were absent. It appears that the so-called "epithelioid" cells of the AVA have no chemical affinities with true epithelium. Perhaps for this reason the word "epithelioid" should be dropped even as a descriptive term, and also because Popoff found in serial sections that the so-called "epithelioid" cells were actually cross sections of large vascular smooth muscle cells. It is conjectured that because of the absence of elastic membranes, the AVA can close completely. In the absence of the elastic membranes, however, over-distention of the dilated AVA (which could impede subsequent constriction) is probably prevented by the turgor of large vascular smooth muscle cells. Because of the rapidity of the blood flow, the glomi are not point sources of heat; instead, they permit rapid flooding of the venous plexuses which provide a surface for uniform heat diffusion and temperature change over a local area.