Acute Lung Injury Regulation by Hyaluronan.
Acute Lung Injury Regulation by Hyaluronan.
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DOI：
10.4172/2155-6121.s4-003
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发表时间：
2011-12-20
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lennon FE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Singleton PA;Lennon FE
急性肺损伤（ALI）及其更严重的形式，急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），死亡率高，治疗选择少。在ALI/ARDS中观察到的病理学中的一个重要调节因素是肺内皮屏障的破坏，其与上皮屏障破坏相结合，导致流体、蛋白质和细胞渗漏到肺空气空间中。糖胺聚糖、透明质酸（HA）的降解涉及内皮糖萼的减少、内皮细胞-细胞接触的破坏和在ALI/ARDS中上调的HA结合蛋白的活化，其促进肺血管完整性的丧失。相比之下，外源性施用高分子量HA已被证明在几种ALI模型中具有保护作用。本文综述了HA在促进和抑制ALI中的作用，主要基于其大小和HA结合蛋白的存在。此外，高分子量HA在治疗ALI/ARDS中的潜在治疗应用进行了讨论。
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), have high mortality rates with few treatment options. An important regulatory factor in the pathology observed in ALI/ARDS is a disruption of the pulmonary endothelial barrier which, in combination with epithelial barrier disruption, causes leakage of fluid, protein and cells into lung airspaces. Degradation of the glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronan (HA), is involved in reduction of the endothelial glycocalyx, disruption of endothelial cell-cell contacts and activation of HA binding proteins upregulated in ALI/ARDS which promote a loss of pulmonary vascular integrity. In contrast, exogenous administration of high molecular weight HA has been shown to be protective in several models of ALI. This review focuses on the dichotomous role of HA to both promote and inhibit ALI based on its size and the HA binding proteins present. Further, potential therapeutic applications of high molecular weight HA in treating ALI/ARDS are discussed.