Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of atmospheric particulate matter from an urban and a rural site in Switzerland
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of atmospheric particulate matter from an urban and a rural site in Switzerland
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.012
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Zenobi, Renato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wenger, Daniela;Gerecke, Andreas C.;Zenobi, Renato
大气颗粒物（PM）是一种悬浮在空气中的固体和液体颗粒的混合物，其大小、形状和化学成分各不相同。长期暴露于浓度升高的大气颗粒物被认为对人类和动物的健康构成威胁。在这方面，有人假设，有毒化学品，如多环芳烃（多环芳烃）发挥了重要作用。已知一些多环芳烃是致癌的，并且已经表明多环芳烃的致癌作用是由芳烃受体（AhR）介导的。在这项研究中，PM 1收集在农村和城市交通站点在冬季烟雾严重的时期，其中PM 1的浓度往往超过50 μ g m（-3）。我们应用了体外报告基因测定（DR-CALUX）检测和定量PM 1相关的化学物质，诱导AhR介导的基因表达。该活性以2，3，7，8-四氯二苯并二恶英（PM-TCDD-CEQs）的CALUX当量表示。此外，PM 1提取物中的多环芳烃的浓度进行了测定，使用气相色谱/高分辨率质谱。城市和农村的PM-TCDD-CEQ浓度分别为10 - 85 pg m（-3）和19 - 87 pg m（-3）。通过使用已知的相对效价因子，将PAH的测量浓度转换为PAH-TCDD-CEQ浓度。两个位点的Sigma PAH-TCDD-CEQ和PM-TCDD-CEQ高度相关（r（2）= 0.90和0.69）。计算的Sigma PAH-TCDD-CEQ解释了测量的PM-TCDD-CEQ的2%至20%。苯并[k]荧蒽是最重要的PAH，约占Sigma PAH-TCDD-CEQ总活性的60%。与NO、CO、PM10和PM 1相比，PM-TCDD-CEQs浓度在两个地点之间没有显著差异。没有迹象表明，道路交通排放造成的PM-TCDD-CEQs浓度升高，在城市交通网站。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is an air-suspended mixture of solid and liquid particles that vary in size, shape, and chemical composition. Long-term exposure to elevated concentrations of line atmospheric particles is considered to pose a health threat to humans and animals. In this context, it has been hypothesized that toxic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play an important role. Some PAHs are known to be carcinogenic and it has been shown that carcinogenic effects of PAHs are mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In this study, PM1 was collected at a rural and an urban traffic site during an intense winter smog period, in which concentration of PM1 often exceeded 50 mu g m(-3). We applied an in vitro reporter gene assay (DR-CALUX) to detect and quantify PM1-associated chemicals that induce AhR-mediated gene expression. This activity was expressed as CALUX equivalents of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (PM-TCDD-CEQs). In addition, concentrations of PAHs in the PM1 extracts were determined using gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Concentrations of PM-TCDD-CEQs ranged from 10 to 85 pg m(-3) and from 19 to 87 pg m(-3) at the urban and rural site, respectively. By the use of known relative potency factors, the measured concentration of a PAH was converted into a PAH-TCDD-CEQ concentration. Sigma PAH-TCDD-CEQ and PM-TCDD-CEQ were highly correlated at both sites (r(2) = 0.90 and 0.69). The calculated Sigma PAH-TCDD-CEQs explain between 2% and 20% of the measured PM-TCDD-CEQs. Benzo[k]fluoranthene was the most important PAH causing approximately 60% of the total Sigma PAH-TCDD-CEQ activity. In contrast to NO, CO, PM10, and PM1, the concentration of PM-TCDD-CEQs showed no significant difference between the two sites. No indications were found that road traffic emissions caused elevated concentrations of PM-TCDD-CEQs at the urban traffic site. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.