Removal of the Block to Self-Fertilization in the Ascidian Ciona.
Removal of the Block to Self-Fertilization in the Ascidian Ciona.
复制标题
海鞘自花受精障碍的去除。
DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Thomas Hunt Morgan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomas Hunt Morgan
在这个国家的大西洋和太平洋沿岸发现的海蛞蝓的卵通常不能与同一个体的精子受精。类似的现象在开花植物中早已为人所知。在后一种情况下，已经证明这种阻滞是由于雌蕊中阻碍花粉管生长的因素造成的；否则，自交受精失败是由于缺乏导致异交受精加速生长的因素。在乔娜，尽管有许多人试图确定它，但它的性质是未知的。去年夏天在伍兹霍尔，我通过把卵从卵膜中解放出来的简单方法，成功地在乔娜身上实现了自我受精。将卵从输卵管取出，放入平底手表玻璃中放入海水中，然后用两根非常细的针将卵周围的膜撕开。有时整个鸡蛋从裂缝中挤出来，有时只有一部分挤出来。在这两种情况下，被挤压的原生质都聚集成一个球体。
The eggs of Ciona intestinalis found on the Atlantic and Pacific coast of this country cannot be fertilized, as a rule, by sperm of the same individual. A similar phenomenon has long been known in flowering plants. In the latter case it has been shown that the block is due to factors in the pistil that retard the growth of the pollen tube; or else failure to self-fertilize is due to the absence of factors that cause an acceleration of growth in cross-fertilization. In Ciona the nature of the block was unknown despite many attempts to determine it. During the past summer at Woods Hole I have succeeded in bringing about self-fertilization in Ciona by the simple process of freeing the egg from its membranes. The eggs were taken from the oviduct, put into sea water in a flat bottomed watch glass, and by means of two very fine needles the membrane around the egg was torn open. Sometimes the entire egg squeezed out of the slit, sometimes only a part of it pushed out. In either case the extruded protoplasm rounded up into a sphere.