Cultural characteristics and in vitro antagonistic activity of two isolates of Mortierella alpina peyronel
Cultural characteristics and in vitro antagonistic activity of two isolates of Mortierella alpina peyronel
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两株高山被孢霉的培养特性及体外拮抗活性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Koch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Lähn;G. Wolf;C. Ullrich;E. Koch
本研究的目的是描述两个分离物的培养特性，研究这些分离物在与植物病原真菌的双重培养中的行为，并探讨可能有助于M. alpina Peyronel的体外拮抗特性的机制。阿尔卑斯山。分离株BBA 69688和29在5 °C下显示出一些生长，在25-30 °C左右具有最大生长速率，并且在37 °C下不生长。在营养丰富的培养基麦芽汁琼脂（MEA）和马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）上，菌株产生了密集的菌丝体，但菌丝生长最快的V8琼脂和Czapek琼脂（CZA）。仅在土壤提取物琼脂（SEA）和基本培养基SNA上观察到孢子形成。在MEA的双重文化，这两个菌株抑制各种植物病原真菌的生长和裂解菌丝提示。在CZA上没有观察到菌丝顶端的裂解。在MEA上，两株菌均能释放出内切纤维素酶、内切几丁质酶、β-1，3-葡聚糖酶和蛋白酶活性。这些酶也在麦芽提取物肉汤（MEB）和马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤（PDB）中的振荡培养物中产生。在测定的酶活性中，蛋白酶活性似乎最高，无论是在固体培养基还是在摇瓶培养物中。在MEA板上，M. alpina分离株69688先前已在玻璃纸上培养，最终P. ultimum、R. solani和F.顶生受到抑制。然而，这些真菌的生长也被抑制，菌丝尖端被裂解，从其中的酶活性已被删除的热处理的预定殖MEA。分离物29的培养滤液用乙酸乙酯提取后抑制活性降低。结论：M. alpina似乎基于不同的机制。乙酸乙酯可提取和不可提取代谢物的产生似乎是主要因素，而溶解酶的释放不太可能起作用。
The aim of the present study was to describe cultural characteristics of two isolates of the zygomycete Mortierella alpina Peyronel, to study the behaviour of these isolates in dual cultures with phytopathogenic fungi, and to investigate mechanisms possibly contributing to the in vitro antagonistic properties of M. alpina. Isolates BBA 69688 and 29 showed some growth at 5 °C, had a maximum growth rate around 25-30 °C and did not grow at 37 °C. On the nutrient rich media malt extract agar (MEA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA), the isolates produced a dense mycelium, but hyphal growth was most rapid on V8-agar and Czapek-agar (CZA). Sporulation was only observed on soil extract agar (SEA) and the minimal medium SNA. In dual cultures on MEA, both isolates inhibited the growth of various phytopathogenic fungi and lyzed hyphal tips. Lysis of hyphal tips was not observed on CZA. On MEA, both isolates released endo-cellulase, endo-chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and protease activity into the medium. These enzymes were also produced in shake cultures in malt extract broth (MEB) and potato dextrose broth (PDB). Of the enzyme activities assayed, protease activity appeared to be highest, both on solid media and in shake cultures. On MEA plates, on which M. alpina isolate 69688 had been previously cultured on cellophane sheets, growth of P. ultimum, R. solani and F. culmorum was inhibited. However, growth of these fungi was also inhibited, and hyphal tips were lyzed, on pre-colonized MEA from which the enzymatic activity had been removed by heat treatment. The inhibitory activity of culture filtrate of isolate 29 was reduced following extraction with ethyl acetate. In conclusion, the in vitro antagonistic properties of M. alpina appear to be based on different mechanisms. Production of ethyl-acetate extractable and not extractable metabolites seem to be major factors, whereas the release of lytic enzymes is unlikely to play a role.