Birth-Cohort Trends in Lifetime and Past-Year Prescription Opioid-Use Disorder Resulting From Nonmedical Use: Results From Two National Surveys
Birth-Cohort Trends in Lifetime and Past-Year Prescription Opioid-Use Disorder Resulting From Nonmedical Use: Results From Two National Surveys
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2010.71.480
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Grucza, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martins, Silvia S.;Keyes, Katherine M.;Grucza, Richard A.
目的：本研究旨在测试美国阿片类药物使用障碍报告患病率的近期增加是否发生在所有年龄组（阶段效应），仅在较年轻的年龄组中一致（年龄效应），或根据出生年份而变化（队列效应）。方法：对1991-1992年全国纵向酒精流行病学调查（NLAES）和2001-2002年全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查（NESARC）数据的联合分析，重点关注18-57岁的个体，按10年年龄间隔分组。本分析的样本量为NLAES 30，846例，NESARC 31，397例。检查了非医疗使用（滥用和依赖）导致的终生和上年处方阿片类药物使用障碍的患病率。结果如下：在出生队列中，两次调查之间的10年间，终生处方类阿片使用障碍的患病率有所增加，表明年龄效应的重要性。此外，与较早出生的队列相比，最近出生的队列中处方类阿片使用障碍的终生患病率和上年患病率较高，表明队列效应的重要性。与周期效应一致，跨队列比较显示，从NLAES到NESARC调查，所有个体的处方阿片类药物使用障碍风险增加，无论其出生队列成员如何。结论：研究结果表明，随着处方阿片类药物使用者年龄的增长，可能会出现更多的问题（滥用和依赖），并且最近出生的队列出现处方阿片类药物问题的风险更高。(J.酒精药物研究，71，480-487，2010）
Objective: This study aims to test whether recent increases in the reported prevalence of opioid-use disorder in the United States occurred across all age groups (period effect), consistently only among younger age groups (age effect), or varied according to year of birth (cohort effects). Method: Joint analysis of data from the 1991-1992 National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES) and the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), focusing on individuals ages 18-57, grouped by 10-year age intervals. Sample sizes for the present analyses were 30,846 for the NLAES and 31,397 for the NESARC. Prevalence of lifetime and past-year prescription opioid-use disorder resulting from nonmedical use (abuse and dependence) was examined. Results: Within birth cohorts, prevalence of lifetime prescription opioid-use disorder increased during the 10 years between surveys, indicating the importance of age effects. In addition, lifetime and past-year prevalence of prescription opioid-use disorder was higher among more recent birth cohorts as compared with earlier birth cohorts, indicating the importance of cohort effects. Consistent with a period effect, cross-cohort comparisons showed that risk for prescription opioid-use disorder has increased for all individuals regardless of their birth cohort membership from the NLAES to the NESARC survey. Conclusions: Findings suggest that more problems (abuse and dependence) may emerge as prescription opioid users get older and that more recent birth cohorts are at higher risk for prescription opioid problems. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 71, 480-487, 2010)