The role of problem definitions in understanding age and context effects on strategies for solving everyday problems
The role of problem definitions in understanding age and context effects on strategies for solving everyday problems
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.13.1.29
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发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Weir, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berg, CA;Strough, J;Weir, C
参与者（107名前青少年，124名大学生，118名中年人和131名老年人）描述了他们经历的2个日常问题（1个不受约束，另一个受约束于6个领域中的1个）以及他们的目标和策略。问题的定义反映了人际或能力的组成部分或两者兼而有之;战略反映了改变认知，行动，或调节和包括他人。在问题定义上存在年龄差异，对于非限制性问题，年龄和问题定义与策略相关;对于非限制性问题，策略没有年龄差异;对于限制性问题，策略与问题域和问题定义相关，问题定义对策略有更好的预测作用。研究结果表明，个人的问题定义的价值，解决年龄和背景的影响所使用的策略。
The participants (107 preadolescents, 124 college students, 118 middle-aged adults, and 131 older adults) described 2 everyday problems (1 unconstrained, the other constrained to 1 of 6 domains) that they experienced and their goals and strategies. Problem definitions reflected interpersonal or competence components or both; strategies reflected altering cognitions, actions, or regulating and including others. Age differences in problem definitions were found. For unconstrained-domain problems, age and problem definition were related to strategies; for unconstrained-domain problems age differences in strategies were not found. For constrained-domain problems, strategies related to problem domain and problem definition, with problem definition the better predictor of strategies. The results illustrate the value of individuals' problem definitions for addressing age and context effects on strategies used.