Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.15
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Lerner;Tamara E Rosen;Erin Kang;Cara M. Keifer;Alan H. Gerber
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lerner;Tamara E Rosen;Erin Kang;Cara M. Keifer;Alan H. Gerber
自闭症谱系障碍（Autism spectrum disorder， ASD）是一种神经发育障碍，主要表现为社会沟通障碍、限制和重复的行为和兴趣。越来越多的年轻人被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍。ASD表现出复杂的临床表现，从对功能的严重早期影响到与其他（通常共病）内化和外化条件相似的表现。近年来，ASD评估的可靠性和标准化有了很大的提高。同样，现在有相当广泛的治疗选择和预后，一些社会心理干预措施获得了经验支持的地位，而且随着时间的推移，自闭症青少年患者的症状显著减轻的比例也很高。本章描述了自闭症谱系障碍，并回顾了主要的经验支持的评估和干预实践。本文以一个青少年自闭症患者为例。最后，描述了挑战和未来的方向，以及对青少年ASD临床实践的影响。
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition consisting of deficits in social communication and presentation of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. An increasingly large proportion of youth are diagnosed with ASD. ASD evinces a complex clinical presentation, ranging from a severe early impact on functioning to manifestations that present similarly to other (often comorbid) internalizing and externalizing conditions. In recent years, the reliability and standardization of ASD assessment has improved considerably. Likewise, there is now a fairly wide range of treatment options and prognoses, with several psychosocial interventions attaining empirically supported status and a nontrivial percentage of youth with ASD showing significant symptom reduction over time. This chapter describes ASD and reviews key empirically supported assessment and intervention practices. A case example is presented of an adolescent with ASD. Finally, challenges and future directions are described, as are implications for clinical practice for youth with ASD.