Cigarette smoking, nicotine addiction, and relaxation.
Cigarette smoking, nicotine addiction, and relaxation.
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吸烟、尼古丁成瘾和放松。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.42.5.946
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Brett Silverstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brett Silverstein
为了解释吸烟者的自我报告，吸烟是放松的，电击耐力被用来测量非吸烟者，允许吸烟的吸烟者吸烟含有低水平或中等高水平尼古丁的香烟，以及不允许吸烟的吸烟者在压力情况下经历的焦虑量。被剥夺香烟的吸烟者和那些吸烟含有低水平尼古丁的香烟的吸烟者比不吸烟者和吸烟含有中等水平尼古丁的香烟的吸烟者表现得更焦虑，但高尼古丁吸烟者的焦虑行为并不比不吸烟者少。这些结果支持了这样一种假设，即吸烟的镇静作用是由于尼古丁在结束成瘾吸烟者戒断症状中的作用，而不是吸烟的镇静作用。
In an attempt to explain the self-report of smokers that cigarette smoking is relaxing, shock endurance was used to measure the amount of anxiety experienced in a stressful situation by nonsmokers, smokers who were allowed to smoke cigarettes containing either low levels or moderately high levels of nicotine, and smokers who were not allowed to smoke a cigarette. Smokers who were deprived of cigarettes and those who smoked cigarettes containing low levels of nicotine behaved more anxiously than nonsmokers and than smokers who smoked cigarettes containing moderately high levels of nicotine, but the high-nicotine smokers behaved no less anxiously than nonsmokers. These results supported the hypothesis that the calming effect attributed to smoking a cigarette is due to the action of nicotine in ending withdrawal symptoms in addicted smokers rather than to a sedative property of cigarette smoking.