Disparate impacts and GINA: Congress's unfinished business.
Disparate impacts and GINA: Congress's unfinished business.
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不同的影响和 GINA：国会未竟的事业。
DOI：
10.1093/jlb/lsz003
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wagner,JenniferK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wagner,JenniferK
2008年《遗传信息非歧视法》(GINA)排除了不同的影响责任，这是促进实质性平等的重要执法内容，从而偏离了以前的就业歧视法律。尽管如此，国会并不打算将其永久排除在外，而是为自己指定了未来的工作：六年后，一个委员会将就基因歧视事件向国会进行教育，向国会通报遗传学/组学方面的相关科学进展，并就启用不同影响责任的必要性向国会提出建议。在GINA成为法律十年后，似乎应该回顾一下更广泛的劳动法背景，在这些背景下，国会做出了排除遗传歧视的不同影响责任的决定，探索第208条是如何以及为什么被纳入GINA的，并提供了有关授权的额外政策工作的最新情况。经过合理的调查，没有任何信息表明国会履行了其法定义务，任命遗传非歧视研究委员会的成员，或根据第208条设想的任何政策工作已经开始。为了履行公平和平等的承诺，国会必须重新讨论这一问题，并允许不同的影响责任来评估遗传多样性，防止任何“基因下层阶级”的形成。
The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) deviated from preceding employment discrimination laws by excluding disparate impact liability, an important enforcement component to promote substantive equality. Nevertheless, Congress did not intend for this to be a permanent exclusion and, instead, assigned itself future work: after six years, a commission was to educate Congress on genetic discrimination incidents, update Congress on relevant scientific advances in genetics/omics, and provide recommendations to Congress on the need to enable disparate impact liability. Ten years after GINA became law, it seems appropriate to take a look back at the broader employment law context within which Congress made this decision to exclude disparate impact liability for genetic discrimination, explore how and why Section 208 became inserted into GINA, and provide a status update on the additional policy work mandated. After reasonable investigation, there is no information to indicate that Congress fulfilled its statutory obligation to appoint members to a Genetic Nondiscrimination Study Commission or that any policy work envisioned by Section 208 has commenced. To fulfill a promise of fairness and equality, Congress must revisit the issue and enable disparate impact liability to value genetic diversity and prevent any ‘genetic underclasses’ from forming.