Effect of oxygenated fuels on physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of diesel particulate emissions.
Effect of oxygenated fuels on physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of diesel particulate emissions.
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DOI：
10.1021/es504053f
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Zhihui Zhang;R. Balasubramanian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhihui Zhang;R. Balasubramanian
在2%和4%的氧含量下，对5种不同含氧化合物（二甘醇二甲醚（DGM）、棕榈油甲酯（PME）、碳酸二甲酯（DMC）、己二酸二乙酯（DEA）和丁醇（Bu））与超低硫柴油（ULSD）混合后对非道路用柴油机微粒排放的理化和毒理学特性的影响进行了系统的对比研究。所有混合燃料导致颗粒物质量浓度和元素碳（EC）排放量的总体下降，这与燃料中的氧含量和使用的特定类型的燃料密切相关。在一般情况下，颗粒结合的有机碳（OC）和水溶性有机碳（WSOC）的比例增加，而使用含氧燃料混合物。与超低硫柴油相比，所有混合燃料的颗粒相多环芳烃和正构烷烃的排放因子不同，碳烟纳米结构略有改变，碳烟着火温度较低，活化能较低。与DMC、DEA和Bu混合的ULSD排放的颗粒物总数（直径≤ 560 nm）逐渐减少，而其他燃料混合物的颗粒物总数显着增加。当ULSD与DMC、DEA混合时，颗粒物的体外毒性显著增加，而与PME、DGM、Bu混合时，颗粒物的体外毒性降低。
A systematic study was conducted to make a comparative evaluation of the effects of blending five different oxygenates (diglyme (DGM), palm oil methyl ester (PME), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl adipate (DEA), and butanol (Bu)) with ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD) at 2% and 4% oxygen levels on physicochemical and toxicological characteristics of particulate emissions from a nonroad diesel engine. All blended fuels led to an overall decrease in the particulate mass concentration and elemental carbon (EC) emissions, which was strongly associated with the oxygen content in fuels and the specific type of fuels used. In general, the proportion of particulate-bound organic carbon (OC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) increased while using oxygenated fuel blends. Compared to ULSD, all fuel blends showed different emission factors of particle-phase PAHs and n-alkanes, slight alterations in soot nanostructure, lower soot ignition temperature, and lower activation energy. The total counts of particles (≤ 560 nm diameter) emitted decreased gradually for ULSD blended with DMC, DEA, and Bu, while they increased significantly for other fuel blends. The in vitro toxicity of particulates significantly increased with ULSD blended with DMC and DEA, while it decreased when ULSD was blended with PME, DGM, and Bu.